Principles of Genetics

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Across
  1. 3. observable or detectable (visible) characteristics of an individual organism
  2. 6. mating individuals with no regard to similarity of pedigree or similarity of performance
  3. 9. Scientists know that all ____ important livestock traits are under some degree of genetic control
  4. 11. phenotype focused breeding system where paired animals are more alike in traits than the average of the herd or group and can produce some extreme versions of traits
  5. 13. Crossbreeing system:many breeds are used at the same time but are separated into groups and the more breeds that are rotated, the greater amount of heterosis seen among the offspring
  6. 15. genetic makeup or allele combinations that are instructions the animal uses to grow and the foundation for the its genetics
  7. 19. traits that are always expressed and the corresponding trait is seen, even if paired with a recessive allele
  8. 20. only expressed and visible when paired with another recessive allele and no dominant allele is present
  9. 22. The study of heredity and how genes in all living things influence life is called...
  10. 23. When an animal inherits the same alleles for a particular gene, like hair coat, from both parents this heredity is referred to as...
Down
  1. 1. Crossbreeding system:mating an animal of one breed with one from a second breed producing offspring that display a high degree of hybrid vigor but are always destined to go to market
  2. 2. In cross breeding, the first generation receives the most benefit and this generation is known as the ___ ______________
  3. 4. In crossbreeding, the genetic makeup of an individual (genotype) consists of two different alleles of a gene for a particular trait making them...
  4. 5. mating of animals that are less alike in performance traits than the average of the herd and is used to correct genetic deficiencies within a herd
  5. 7. pedigree focused breed system that mates individuals that are closely related compared to the overall breed to the overall breed
  6. 8. The version of inbreeding is commonly used for breeding animals with the same genetic line (family tree) but are not closely related as inbred animals and is called...
  7. 10. Breeding of a hybrid animal to another animal that has one or more ancestral breeds or lines in common is called...
  8. 12. Mating of two genetically different animals of the same species is called...
  9. 14. breed formed using two or more established breeds in exact percentages that vary based on the goals of the breed and often called a synthetic breed
  10. 16. Breed complementarity is production of a more desirable offspring by crossing breeds that are genetically different from each other but hold complimentary ____.
  11. 17. Livestock that are offspring resulting from the mating of two genetically similar animals are often called ____
  12. 18. Mating of individuals with different genotypes can provide an increase in genetic performance beyond what is expected from the parent breeds called...
  13. 21. The amount of genetic variation determines the potential amount of possible genetic ___________
  14. 24. mating of animals that are less closely related than most animals within the breed