PSB 338 Ch 13 Introduction to Metabolism

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829
Across
  1. 4. This variable describes the rate of metabolic flow in the steady-state of a cell.
  2. 6. This thermodynamic variable is the quantitative expression for the randomness or disorder in a system.
  3. 8. The first law of thermodynamics is the principle of the conservation of ______.
  4. 10. This type of cleavage of a covalent bond where one atom retains both bonding electrons.
  5. 11. This designates a single electron equivalent participating in an oxidation-reduction reaction; reducing _______.
  6. 13. These type of molecules can influence enzyme activity are nuclear proteins that can activate or repress gene expression; ________ factors.
  7. 18. These type of molecules can affect enzyme activity by binding to an enzyme outside of the enzyme active site; ______ effectors.
  8. 19. A _____ standard reduction potential indicates the molecule will take electrons.
  9. 21. This process of metabolism is the degradative phase of metabolism, which releases energy.
  10. 24. This type of reacting molecules are electron-deficient functional groups that seek electrons.
  11. 26. This class of enzyme catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions in with NAD+ is the electron acceptor.
  12. 27. This type of chemical reaction results in a transfer of adenylate as an adenyl group.
  13. 28. These organisms obtain their carbon from their environment and produce CO2.
  14. 29. True or False: Electrons can move from metabolic intermediates to electron carriers to acceptors with higher electron affinities releases energy.
Down
  1. 1. This type of chemical reaction is a redistribution of electrons in alterations without changes in the overall oxidation state of the molecule.
  2. 2. This is the force proportional to the difference in electron affinity between chemical species (use acronym).
  3. 3. This type of chemical reaction releases free energy.
  4. 5. This class of enzymes catalyzes the condensation reactions that require a nucleotide triphosphate.
  5. 7. This method can affect enzyme activity by keeping the enzyme and substrates in different compartments to alter enzyme activity.
  6. 8. This thermodynamic variable is related to the number and kinds of chemical bonds in the reactants and products.
  7. 9. An oxidation reaction results in a _____ of electrons.
  8. 12. True or False: Enzymes can only be regulated by one method.
  9. 14. Thermodynamically unfavorable reactions can be ______ to favorable reactions to drive them in the forward reaction.
  10. 15. This type of reacting molecules are functional groups rich in and capable of donating electrons.
  11. 16. The _____ conversion of ATP to ADP to Pi is coupled to many endergonic reactions and processes.
  12. 17. This class of enzymes catalyzes the removal of a phosphoryl group from a phosphate ester.
  13. 20. This class of enzyme that catalyzes phosphoryl group transfers with ATP as a donor.
  14. 22. This molecule is a most sensitive indicator of the energy state of the cell.
  15. 23. This type of coenzymes are usually enzyme-bound to flavoproteins.
  16. 25. The difference in free energy between reactant and products is greater for ________ than oxygen esters.