PSYC341
Across
- 6. perceptually distinct basic unit of spoken language including a, k , and th in the English language
- 7. Strategy for problem solving that will always produce a solution to a problem but may be inefficient. An example of this is exhaustive search in which you try out all possible answers using a specified system to answer this crossword puzzle.
- 8. Observing and analyzing your own feelings and sensations. The core of Wilhelm Wundt’s approach to cognitive psychology.
- 11. Type of memory that involves conscious recollection of semantic and episodic memory. One of the two main types of long-term memory.
- 13. Type of psychology and theory that states that people have an innate tendency to organize things that they sense such as seeing patterns instead of random arrangements
- 14. How people use previous knowledge and their senses to gather and interpret sensory information.
- 16. People’s awareness of the outside world and about their own perceptions, memories, feelings, and thoughts. Associated with controlled focused attention.
- 20. __________ stimulus is actual object being sensed out in the environment. An example being the laptop on the table in front of you.
- 21. Concentration of mental effort on sensory or mental events. Also known as allocating limited mental processing resources.
- 22. ________ reasoning is reasoning that starts from more specific facts and moves to a general conclusion. This type of reasoning relies on heuristics.
- 26. Theory for organizing a category based on the best fitting or most typical example of that category. Examples in the category share at least one trait with another example in the category.
- 28. _______ reasoning is reasoning in which a conclusion is inferred based on some premise. Reasoning starts from more general information and moves to a more specific conclusion. Accuracy may be affected by belief-bias effect as well as negative info.
- 29. ________ evidence is a type of scientific evidence obtained through careful observation and experimentation
- 30. ___________ hypothesis states that a student will learn best when taught in a method that matches their learning style (visual, kinesthetic, auditory,etc.). This hypothesis has been contradicted in multiple well-designed studies.
Down
- 1. ________ route is one of the two routes in the dual-route model of reading, this route emphasizes that readers translate a printed word into sound instead of looking it up in their lexicon. For example, the imaginary word, biftoe, would be sounded out into parts of bif-toe and then read rather than recalling it from memory of words (lexicon).
- 2. Theory for organizing a category that argues that people compare a new stimuli to all other examples of the category stored in their memory to determine whether it fits the category. An example would be to compare a bulldog to all other types of dogs you know to determine if it fits in the dog category.
- 3. ________ coding is the type of mental imagery in which the stimuli is mentally represented in an conceptual manner instead of a mental representation of its exact physical appearance. An example of this would be a mental map or thinking of a flower you saw as “a tulip with three leaves”.
- 4. __________ interference is when interference from later memories cause loss of info from short-term memory
- 5. __________ effect is when the same letter is pronounced differently depending on its surrounding letters. The ‘B’ in “book” and “bee” are pronounced differently due to this effect.
- 9. __________ coding is the type of mental imagery in which the stimuli or physical object is mental represented through a mental image that is exactly the same as or extremely similar to the physical object.
- 10. Term that describes the acquisition, storage, transformation, and use of knowledge. Also described as mental activity.
- 12. Knowledge, control, and monitoring of your own memory. The tip of the tongue phenomenon as well as feeling of knowing are examples connected to this.
- 15. __________ memory is a multi-component system and active process that temporarily holds and manipulates information while people perform a cognitive task.
- 17. __________ attention is the process of focusing on a object or event when there are several occurring simultaneously and tuning out other unimportant details.
- 18. Problem _________ are problems that have the same underlying structures but different surface features (superficial content).
- 19. Type of memory in which sensations persist briefly, .5 to 3 seconds. Includes both iconic and echoic memory as parts.
- 23. _________ interference is when interference from earlier memories causes loss of information from short-term memory
- 24. ___________ stimulus is the image/information registered in your sensory receptors of an object. An example being the image that cellphone creates on your retina.
- 25. Term for processing info and representing it in memory. Also the process through which short-term memory may be transferred to long-term memory.
- 27. _________ memory is a person’s organized knowledge about the world and factual information. Knowledge of the capital of the United States would be this type of memory.