Psychobio Exam 2

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Across
  1. 2. the intensity of a sound wave (loudness)
  2. 4. these neurons fire when an object moves relative to its background
  3. 6. type of receptor cells that are involved in both visual acuity & color vision
  4. 9. theory that states that we perceive any given color due to the ratio of activity across the three types of cones
  5. 12. a drug that has no pharmacological effects but often relieve pain due to the power of belief
  6. 16. a set of receptors located near, but separate from, the olfactory receptors
  7. 21. type of cell in the retina that receives input directly from the receptors
  8. 24. structures on the tongue that contain receptor cells
  9. 25. an opening in the center of the eye in which light enters
  10. 28. therory that states that we perceive color in terms of paired opposites
  11. 33. types of neurons that have small receptive fields & respond best to visual details and color, located in or near the fovea
  12. 34. a blurring of lines in one direction; this disorder is caused by an asymmetric curvature of the eyes
  13. 36. the combination of taste and smell
  14. 38. adjustable part of the eye
  15. 39. type of cell that send inhibitory messages, which stop the retina from sending messages to the brain
  16. 40. these neurons only respond when the whole visual scene expands, contracts, or rotates
  17. 42. non-adjustable part of the eye
  18. 43. a protein substance that causes inflammation
Down
  1. 1. the ability to respond in some way to visual information after extensive damage to area v1
  2. 3. a nerve that is made up of ganglion cell axons and sends messages to the brain
  3. 4. a condition that may result from damage to the inferior temporal cortex; it involves an inability to recognize objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision (cannot label objects)
  4. 5. the rear surface of the eye which is lined with visual receptor cells
  5. 7. small rounded projections on the tongue that contain taste buds within the grooves
  6. 8. the reduction of activity in one neuron by activity in neighboring neurons
  7. 10. types of cells that are important for complex processing & refine information that is sent to ganglion cells
  8. 11. a band of tissue that gives eyes their color
  9. 13. types of neurons that are small but are found throughout the retina and respond to many types of stimuli
  10. 14. the number of compressions per second of a sound, measured in hertz; pitch
  11. 15. a tiny area of the retina specialized for acute, detailed vision
  12. 17. types of neurons that have larger receptive fields & respond best to moving stimuli, evenly dispersed throughout the retina
  13. 18. tone deafness; impairment in detecting small changes in frequency in sound
  14. 19. motion blindness
  15. 20. the sense of smell
  16. 22. theory that states that the spinal cord receives messages from pain receptors but also input from touch receptors and from axons descending from the brain
  17. 23. strong pain causes the release of this neurotransmitter
  18. 26. mild pain causes the release of this neurotransmitter
  19. 27. the result of stimulation of taste buds
  20. 29. a condition where the effected individual cannot identify the person (fusiform gyrus is damaged)
  21. 30. expectation of harm actually causes feelings of pain, discomfort, or sickness
  22. 31. chemicals released by an animal that affect the behavior of other members of the same species, especially sexually
  23. 32. area where axons from each eye cross to the opposite side of the brain
  24. 35. type of receptor cells that exist in the periphery of the retina & is involved in both peripheral & night vision
  25. 37. the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye because it has no visual receptors
  26. 41. theory that states that the cortex compares the responses from different parts of the retina to determine the brightness of color