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4. A software application used to access and navigate the internet, displaying web pages.
6. The process of transferring data from a remote server to a local device.
8. Unsolicited and often irrelevant messages sent over email or other communication platforms.
9. The process of converting information or data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
13. A centralized repository that stores large amounts of structured data for analysis and reporting.
14. Uniform Resource Locator, the specific address used to access a resource on the internet.

1. A set of rules governing the exchange of data between devices in a network.
2. A small piece of data stored on a user's device by a web browser, used to remember user preferences and login information.
3. The practice of securing information by transforming it into an unreadable format for unauthorized users.
5. A technique used to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information by masquerading as a trustworthy source.
6. A human-readable address used to access websites, such as www.example.com.
7. A unit of digital information equivalent to approximately one billion bytes.
10. Private Network A service that creates a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet.
11. A copy of data stored separately to prevent loss in case of failure or corruption.
12. Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise computer systems and networks.