Pyro-forensics Fire Indicators

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Across
  1. 3. areas where the fire decreases intensity are marked by fingers or islands of unburned to partially burned fuels
  2. 5. advancing fires consume all but the base of the stem, backing fires burn the base of the stem and leave the rest of the unburned stem flat lying, with the seed head pointing in the direction the fire came from
  3. 6. side of fuel with deepest charring and most scaling was facing oncoming fire
  4. 10. shallow chips in the surface of a rock generally face advancing fire
  5. 11. green vegetation curls inward toward direction fire is coming from; ususally occurs with slower moving backing and lateral fires
  6. 12. limbs and twigs on the origin side of the fuel will exhibit a rounded off cup, limbs and twigs on the non-origin side will exhibit a sharply pointed top of the cup
Down
  1. 1. backing fire leaves char angle equal to slope
  2. 2. the fire origin is located at the point of the V or the cup of the U of burnt vegetation
  3. 3. deeper charring, more loss of material, more white ash on side of fuel exposed to advancing fire
  4. 4. stains on non-combustible objects appear on side facing flames
  5. 7. unexposed side of fuel is shielded from burning or heat damage
  6. 8. leaves and small stems are "frozen" by extreme heat in the direction of prevailing winds created by the fire
  7. 9. more white ash on sides of fuels facing oncoming fire
  8. 10. soot more heavily deposited on side of object facing oncoming fire