Renaissance and Reformation

3. was educated in his native France. After his conversion to Protestantism,however, he was was forced to flee Catholic France for the safety of Switzerland.
4. Based on the study of the classics, the literary works of the Ancient Greece and Rome.
5. would begin the great Medici dynasty. Giovanni's elder son, Cosimo (1389-1464), rose to political power in 1434 and ruled Florence as an uncrowned monarch for the rest of his life.
7. a sum of money that the wife's family gave to the husband upon marriage.
9. the faith, practice, and church order of the Protestant churches.
11. God had predestined some people to be saved and the other to be damned.
13. on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg. Posting topics to discuss was a common practice of the time.
15. was a monk and a professor at the University Of Wittenberg, in Germany, where he lectured on the Bible.
16. His book The Prince is one of the most influential works on political power in the Western world.

1. wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, with whom he had a daughter, Mary, but no son. Since he needed a male heir, Henry wanted to marry Anne Boleyn. Impatient with the pope’s unwillingness to annul his marriage to Catherine, Henry turned to England's own church courts.
2. was a painter,sculptor, architect, inventor and mathematician.
3. Gutenberg was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe.
6. release from all or part of the punishment for sin.
8. Luther making the church better.
10. a period of European history that began in Italy and spread to the rest of Europe.
12. an accomplished painter, sculptor, and architect, was the master of the High Renaissance.
14. worldly,viewpoint emerged as increasing wealth created wealth created new enjoyment of material things.
17. This sense is to be distinguished from the use of these words to refer to the Roman Catholic Church, that which is in full communion with the Holy See, as well as the Orthodox Catholic Church.