Respiratory System

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Across
  1. 2. This part of the upper respiratory tract is called the "gatekeeper" to the entrance of the trachea and the "voice box":
  2. 5. Gas exchange occurs here.
  3. 7. When the diaphragm _____, thoracic volume increases.
  4. 9. The _____ is the structure that closes shut during swallowing to ensure ingested material doesn't enter the trachea.
  5. 11. The pressure of the _____ space is slightly lower than the pressure within the lungs in order to keep the lungs inflated.
  6. 12. The _____ muscle affects the diameter of the trachea.
  7. 14. The _____ is the muscle situated at the bottom of the thoracic cavity that is responsible for inhalation and exhalation.
  8. 20. Respiration brings _____ to cells.
  9. 22. _____ respiration involves gas exchange between blood and cells within tissues.
  10. 24. The fluid covering the alveoli contains _____, which reduces surface tension and prevents collapse.
  11. 29. _____ are small finger-like projections on the nasal epithelial cells that trap and move particles covered in mucus.
  12. 30. The trachea divides into the right and left primary _____, which branch out to form secondary and tertiary structures.
  13. 31. Inspiration is an example of the body creating _____ pressure.
  14. 32. When the tertiary bronchi further divide into airways less than 1mm in diameter, they become _____.
  15. 33. The only point where the lungs are physically connected to the rest of the body is called the _____.
Down
  1. 1. When the diaphragm _____, thoracic volume decreases.
  2. 3. _____ are air-filled cavities within cranial bones that communicate with the nasal cavity.
  3. 4. Respiration brings _____ away from cells. (2 words)
  4. 6. _____ respiration involves gas exchange between the air and blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
  5. 8. The _____ epithelium contains the sensory endings of cells responsible for smell.
  6. 10. Nasal _____ are thin, scroll-like bones covered with nasal epithelium.
  7. 13. The nostril openings are also called _____.
  8. 15. The mucus-producing cells in the nasal epithelium are called _____ cells.
  9. 16. The _____ lines the thoracic cavity and is well lubricated to allow the lungs to move easily.
  10. 17. When particles are trapped in the nasal passages in mucus, the _____ apparatus moves the particles caudally to the pharynx.
  11. 18. The soft, membrane-lined cavity between the nose/mouth and the esophagus is called the _____.
  12. 19. The nasal epithelium is classified as _____ epithelium.
  13. 21. When the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the blood, the pH _____.
  14. 23. Which type of cartilage makes up the Adam's apple?
  15. 25. Respiratory _____ occurs when the respiratory system removes too much carbon dioxide which increases the pH of the blood.
  16. 26. Respiratory _____ occurs when too much carbon dioxide accumulates in the blood and the pH decreases.
  17. 27. What is the actual name of the tube-like structure we refer to when talking about the "airway"?
  18. 28. This ring-like type of cartilage is associated with the trachea and maintains the structure and opening of the airway.