Respiratory System
Across
- 6. On earth, gases have to ___ before they can diffuse. (Hint: “Oxygen has to get wet before it gets wet”)
- 11. ___ is due to parasympathetic nervous system activation.
- 15. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Carries air between the pharynx and trachea; contains vocal folds for producing sounds in vocalization; prevents objects from entering the trachea.
- 16. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Carries air between the larynx and the bronchi; filters warms, and moistens the inhaled air.
- 18. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Regulate the rate of airflow through bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation.
- 19. Though the pulmonary ___, oxygenated blood moves from the lungs to the left atrium.
- 20. When you ___, you increase lung volume.
- 21. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Carries air between the nasal cavity and the larynx; filters, warms, and moistens the inhaled air, serves as a passageway for food from the mouth to the esophagus; equalizes air pressure with middle ear via auditory tube.
- 22. Without ___, your lungs would collapse. *Dr. Gardner’s research friend had this injected every Friday!
- 25. The human brain is stimulated to breathe when ___ ___ levels change.
- 27. During exhalation, air pressure within your lungs is ___ than atmospheric pressure.
- 29. ___ zone starts at the respiratory bronchioles.
- 30. The release of this chemical leads to smooth muscle constriction in the lungs.
- 32. Through the pulmonary ___, deoxygenated blood moves from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Down
- 1. Where does gas exchange occur?
- 2. Inspiration is always ___, while exhalation is passive at rest due to elastic recoil.
- 3. If lungs have high ___, they can inflate easily.
- 4. No gas exchange occurs at the ___ zone.
- 5. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Nostrils allow air to enter and exit the nasal cavity; the nasal cavity filters, warms, and moistens the inhaled air.
- 7. What component of the respiratory system has the following function: Carry air between the trachea and the bronchioles; filter, warm, and moisten the air.
- 8. Exhaling decreases lung ___.
- 9. ___ is due to sympathetic nervous system activation.
- 10. If you hold your breath then pass out, you will start breathing due to CO2 levels being ___.
- 12. We need to blow off CO2 to keep our blood pH regulated. If we did not breathe out CO2, we would have too many ___ ions due to CO2 binding to H2O.
- 13. Surfactant improves compliance in our lungs by decreasing ___ ___.
- 14. Surfactant gets between water and breaks apart its ___ bonds.
- 17. During ___, air pressure within your lungs is lower than atmospheric pressure.
- 23. ___ have smooth muscle and no cartilage.
- 24. According to Boyle’s law, and increase in volume would lead to a ___ in pressure.
- 25. ___ are made of hyaline cartilage and always keep the trachea open.
- 26. ___ means the tendency to return to initial size after distension.
- 28. The two skeletal muscles that we mainly use to inhale are the diaphragm and the ___ intercostals.
- 31. We need oxygen solely for ___ production.