Review of concepts (Lectures 15, 16, 17)

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Across
  1. 3. The "conduction region" of a neuron.
  2. 5. A region named for the black color due to its content in melanin, located in the midbrain.
  3. 6. Other name for ascending tracts, responsible for transmitting for example pain signals in the spinal cord.
  4. 8. This is a connective tissue layer present in nerves and located inside a fascicle.
  5. 9. This reflex is designed to protect muscles from the strain of heavy loads.
  6. 11. These multipolar neurons are situated in the cerebellar cortex.
  7. 14. This division of the nervous system consists of both nerves and ganglia.
  8. 16. This term encompasses both the axon hillock and the initial segment and refer to a zone that plays a key role in triggering action potentials.
  9. 17. These are the connected cavities inside the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid.
  10. 19. Neurons like Purkinje and pyramidal cells belong to this category, having multiple processes (dentrites) extending from their cell bodies.
  11. 21. These granulations are a cluster of arachnoid membrane invaginated into the dural sinuses through which CSF enters the venous system.
  12. 22. This motor division regulates the heartbeat and is alternatively termed the autonomic nervous system.
  13. 23. This horn houses the cell bodies of motor neurons.
  14. 24. In a myelinated axon, these are the segments wrapped with myelin.
  15. 29. A specific cutaneous region innervated by a particular spinal nerve.
  16. 33. This intricate network of nuclei and nerve pathways in the brainstem serves as a filter for sensory information, aiding in the selection and concentration on pertinent stimuli while excluding unimportant or repetitive data. This function is vital for sustaining attention and wakefulness.
  17. 35. The process of combining multiple local potentials to determine if a neuron will generate an action potential (reach threshold). This process can be spatial or temporal.
  18. 36. medullaris, This term refers to the bottom part of the spinal cord.
  19. 37. This reflex, often called the strech reflex, describes the automatic contraction of a skeletal muscle in response to stretching.
  20. 38. This type of neuron, situated in the dorsal root ganglion, is the first in a serie of three neurons for ascending sensory tracts, such as the spinothalamic tract.
  21. 39. Glial cells responsible for myelinating axons in the PNS.
Down
  1. 1. (In plural) These structures are positioned in the dorsal region of the midbrain and are linked to reflexes related to vision and hearing.
  2. 2. Neurons of this type possess a single axon, as found in the dorsal root ganglion.
  3. 4. This term represents a grouping of axons within a single spinal nerve.
  4. 7. This structure serves as a connection between the lateral and third ventricles in the brain.
  5. 10. One of the three regions that comprise the brainstem, along with the medulla and pons.
  6. 11. This brainstem component works in coordination with the respiratory centers in the medulla to regulate the rate and depth of respiration.
  7. 12. In plural, these represent groups of neuron cell bodies found inside the central nervous system.
  8. 13. These nerve fibers transport sensory data from receptors to the central nervous system, and their name denotes the direction of this flow.
  9. 15. (In plural) The part of neurons housing chemically regulated ion channels responsible for generating local potentials.
  10. 16. In plural, these are bundles of nerve fibers located within the central nervous system.
  11. 18. This type of neuron resides in the spinal cord and facilitates communication between sensory and motor neurons.
  12. 20. his structure, resembling a spongy mass of blood vessels, is found on the floor or wall of each brain ventricle and is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  13. 25. Divisions of the gray matter within the spinal cord.
  14. 26. This sensory division delivers signals from the skin and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system.
  15. 27. Term that refers to a branching network of intersecting spinal nerves that travel together to a target body part.
  16. 28. In the brain's cortex, this matter is prevalent and shares its name with a color.
  17. 30. This meningeal layer is positioned between the dura mater and the pia mater.
  18. 31. These glial cells play a role in filtering blood within the ventricles of the brain to form the CSF.
  19. 32. This structure is the additional part of the dorsal column tract responsible for relaying sensory signals regarding conscious proprioception from the spinal cord to the brain.
  20. 34. These glial cells play a role in creating the blood-brain barrier, with their end-feet being particularly important in this process.