River Valley Civilizations

3. A large area of flat, grassy land with few trees, often found in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Steppes are typically used for grazing livestock.
6. An economy based on customs, traditions, and barter (trading goods and services without money), usually found in early or rural societies.
7. A large area of land controlled by one ruler or government, usually made up of many different peoples and lands.
9. A skilled worker who makes things by hand, such as tools, pottery, clothing, or jewelry.
10. Believing in many gods. Most early civilizations, like the Egyptians and Mesopotamians, were polytheistic.

1. The spread of ideas, customs, technologies, and beliefs from one culture to another through trade, migration, or conquest.
2. A city and the land around it that functions as an independent political unit, with its own government. Common in ancient Mesopotamia and Greece.
4. A picture or symbol used to represent a word or idea. It’s one of the earliest forms of writing.
5. An advanced form of society with cities, organized government, religion, social structure, writing, and art.
8. A person trained to read and write, especially important in early civilizations for keeping records, such as taxes, laws, and trade.