S2 Level 4 FL Academic Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. used to express actions that depend on a specific condition being met, often using modal verbs like would, could, might, should, and will, in "if-then" structures to describe hypothetical situations, possibilities, or potential outcomes. It signals that the action is contingent, not guaranteed.
  2. 4. used for statements of facts or asks questions.
  3. 6. a noun, pronoun, phrase, or clause that receives the action of a transitive verb in a sentence, answering "what?" or "whom?" after the subject and verb, like "cake" in "The students eat cake," identifying the thing being acted upon. To find it, locate the subject and verb, then ask "what?" or "whom?" (e.g., "What did the boy kick?" -> "the ball").
  4. 7. refers to the use of verbs and different forms to indicate (show) the purpose of a sentence. There are five main grammatical moods in the English language: indicative mood, interrogative mood, imperative mood, conditional mood, and subjunctive mood.
  5. 8. words like who, whom, whose, what, and which that are used to ask questions by standing in for a noun, replacing an unknown person or thing, and they often start a sentence but can appear elsewhere.
  6. 9. a verb form used to express wishes, suggestions, demands, hypothetical situations, or actions that are not factual, often appearing in "if" clauses or after verbs expressing desire/necessity, using forms like "if I were you" or "I suggest that he be on time," showing unreality or possibility rather than facts (indicative mood).
Down
  1. 1. used for commands.
  2. 2. (who, whom, whose, which, that, etc.) introduce relative clauses, connecting them to a main clause to add descriptive information about a person, thing, or place, functioning like adjectives to modify a noun or pronoun (antecedent) and answering questions like "which one?" or "what kind?".
  3. 5. the recipient of a direct object. It typically tells you to whom or for whom an action is performed.
  4. 8. describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past; it is often used to describe things that happened frequently or over time.