Safety

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Across
  1. 1. hematopoietic syndrome; gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome; central nervous system syndrome (5 words)
  2. 5. best protection against radiation exposure (1 word)
  3. 8. optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) badge, thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), digital ionization dosimeter (3 words)
  4. 10. organization that publishes international radiation protection guidelines (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  5. 12. unit of radiation absorbed in air (1 word)
  6. 13. equal to the effective dose multiplied by the radiation weighting factor (2 words)
  7. 14. effects of radiation on the body being irradiated (2 words)
  8. 18. effect that occurs as radiation energy is deposited in the water of the cell; the result of radiolysis is an ion pair in the cell: a positively charged water molecule (HOH+) and a free electron (3 words)
  9. 22. upper boundary dose that can be absorbed, either in a single exposure or annually, with a negligible risk of somatic or genetic damage to the individual; effective dose implies whole-body radiation exposure (3 words)
  10. 27. distance, time, shielding (5 words)
  11. 30. (aka remnant radiation; image-producing radiation) x-rays that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor (2 words)
  12. 31. ability to produce biological damage; varies with the LET (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  13. 33. unit of effective dose (1 word)
  14. 34. effect that occurs when radiation directly strikes DNA in the cellular nucleus (2 words)
  15. 37. defines annual exposure limits; makes recommendations pertaining to risk–benefit analysis of radiation exposure; states that somatic and genetic effects should be kept to a minimum when radiation is used for diagnostic imaging (3 words)
  16. 38. makes recommendations on equipment design and protection regarding lead shielding and fluoroscopic and mobile exposure rates (3 words)
  17. 40. deterministic; effects of radiation that become more severe at high levels of radiation exposure and do not occur below a certain threshold dose (2 words)
  18. 41. also called man-made radiation (e.g., medical x-rays) (3 words)
  19. 42. effect that occurs when radiation strikes the water molecules in the cytoplasm of the cell (2 words)
  20. 43. radiation contained in the unpolluted environment (3 words)
  21. 44. absorption and scatter (loss of intensity) of the x-ray beam as it passes through the patient (1 word)
Down
  1. 2. lifetime occupational exposure must not exceed the radiographer’s age multiplied by 10 mSv (3 words)
  2. 3. effects of radiation on the genetic code of a cell; affects the next generation (2 words)
  3. 4. absorption of x-ray photons in the atoms of the body (2 words)
  4. 6. concept of radiologic practice that encourages radiation users to adopt measures that keep the dose to the patient and themselves at minimal levels (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  5. 7. carcinogenesis; cataractogenesis; embryologic effects; thyroid dysfunction; life span shortening (5 words)
  6. 9. radiation exiting the x-ray tube (2 words)
  7. 11. organization that studies biological effects of ionizing radiation and publishes resulting data (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  8. 15. erroneous information passed to subsequent generations via cell division (1 word)
  9. 16. unit of equivalent dose (1 word)
  10. 17. unit of activity (1 word)
  11. 19. organization that publishes radiation protection guidelines for the United States (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  12. 20. average dose of radiation to the bone marrow (3 words)
  13. 21. x-ray beam that contains photons of many different energies (2 words)
  14. 23. radiation that possesses the ability to remove electrons from atoms by a process called ionization (2 words)
  15. 24. cells are most sensitive to radiation when they are immature, undifferentiated, and rapidly dividing (5 words)
  16. 25. unit of radiation absorbed in tissue (1 word)
  17. 26. unit of absorbed dose, measured in joules per kilogram (J/kg); 1 Gy = 1 J/kg (1 word)
  18. 28. probabilistic; randomly occurring effects of radiation; the probability of such effects is proportional to the dose (increased dose equals increased probability, not severity, of effects) (2 words)
  19. 29. organization that enforces radiation protection standards at the federal level related to use of radioactive material (acronym – still know what it stands for)
  20. 32. unit of exposure (2 words)
  21. 35. scatter of x-ray photons from the atoms of the body (2 words)
  22. 36. graphs that illustrate the relationship between radiation dose and the response of the organism to exposure; may be linear or nonlinear, threshold or nonthreshold (2 words)
  23. 39. amount of energy deposited by radiation per unit length of tissue (acronym – still know what it stands for)