Science

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Across
  1. 3. -a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
  2. 4. -a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
  3. 5. -a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
  4. 6. In cell biology, the spindle apparatus refers to the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells.
  5. 9. -the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
  6. 11. -a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
  7. 14. -the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
  8. 16. -the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division
  9. 17. the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.
  10. 18. -the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.
Down
  1. 1. -the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
  2. 2. -each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
  3. 4. -the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
  4. 7. -the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
  5. 8. -the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something, especially when regarded as unchangeable.
  6. 10. -a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
  7. 12. -an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae).
  8. 13. -the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
  9. 15. -the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.