Science

12345678910111213141516171819202122
Across
  1. 4. Boundary: A tectonic plate boundary where two plates move toward each other, often resulting in subduction, mountain building, or volcanic activity.
  2. 6. Terms
  3. 8. A semi-fluid layer of the upper mantle located beneath the lithosphere. It allows for the movement of tectonic plates due to its ductility and partial melting.
  4. 12. Core: The liquid layer of the Earth's core located beneath the mantle and above the inner core. It is composed mainly of iron and nickel and is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field.
  5. 13. A solid fragment of a meteoroid that survives its passage through the Earth's atmosphere and lands on the surface. Meteorites provide valuable information about the early solar system.
  6. 15. The rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. It is divided into tectonic plates and is characterized by its mechanical properties.
  7. 16. Boundary: A tectonic plate boundary where two plates move away from each other, leading to the formation of new crust, typically at mid-ocean ridges.
  8. 17. Crust: The thinner, denser part of the Earth's crust that underlies the oceans, primarily composed of basaltic rocks. It is generally younger than continental crust.
  9. 19. Boundary: A tectonic plate boundary where two plates slide past each other horizontally, leading to shear stress and often resulting in earthquakes.
  10. 22. A type of neutrino that is produced by the decay of radioactive isotopes in the Earth's interior. Geoneutrinos provide information about the composition and processes occurring within the Earth.
Down
  1. 1. Isotope: The original radioactive isotope that undergoes decay to form one or more daughter isotopes.
  2. 2. Isotope: The product of the decay of a parent isotope. It can be stable or radioactive itself.
  3. 3. The lower part of the mantle, located beneath the asthenosphere and extending to the outer core. It is characterized by increased pressure and temperature, leading to solid rock that can flow slowly over geological time.
  4. 5. Dating: A method used to determine the age of rocks and minerals by measuring the abundance of parent and daughter isotopes and calculating the time elapsed since the rock or mineral formed.
  5. 7. The thick layer of the Earth located between the crust and the core, composed of silicate rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium. It is involved in tectonic processes and convection currents.
  6. 9. Decay: The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation, resulting in the transformation of the parent isotope into one or more daughter isotopes.
  7. 10. Waves: Waves of energy that travel through the Earth, generated by earthquakes or other geological processes. They are used to study the Earth's internal structure.
  8. 11. Plates: Large, rigid pieces of the Earth's lithosphere that move and interact at their boundaries, causing geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and mountain building.
  9. 14. Crust: The thick part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents, primarily composed of lighter, granitic rocks. It is generally older and less dense than oceanic crust.
  10. 18. Current: A circular movement of fluid (such as molten rock in the mantle) caused by the heating and cooling of the material, which drives the movement of tectonic plates and influences geological processes.
  11. 20. Terms
  12. 21. Core: The solid, innermost layer of the Earth, composed primarily of iron and nickel. It is extremely hot and under immense pressure, leading to its solid state despite the high temperatures.