Science Crossword

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Across
  1. 3. the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
  2. 4. In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements.
  3. 5. Boundary- Convergent (Colliding): This occurs when plates move towards each other and collide. When a continental plate meets an oceanic plate, the thinner, denser, and more flexible oceanic plate sinks beneath the thicker, more rigid continental plate.
  4. 6. the upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
  5. 8. Crust- the relatively thick part of the earth's crust that forms the large landmasses. It is generally older and more complex than the oceanic crust.
  6. 12. spot- In geology, hotspots are volcanic locales thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle. Examples include the Hawaii, Iceland, and Yellowstone hotspots.
  7. 13. a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
  8. 17. Pangaea or Pangea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.
  9. 18. any of the world's main continuous expanses of land (Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America).
  10. 20. Boundaries- A plate boundary is a three-dimensional surface or zone across which there is a significant change in the velocity (speed or direction) of motion of one lithospheric plate relative to the adjacent lithospheric plate.
  11. 21. Boundary- A transform fault or transform boundary, is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal. It ends abruptly where it connects to another plate boundary, either another transform, a spreading ridge, or a subduction zone.
Down
  1. 1. Boundary- where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other. Convergent boundaries -- where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another. Transform boundaries -- where crust is neither produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other.
  2. 2. the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
  3. 7. A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills ranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arisen from the same cause, usually an orogeny.
  4. 9. a straight line or narrow section through an object or natural feature or across the earth's surface, along which observations are made or measurements taken.
  5. 10. Tectonics- a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates which move slowly over the underlying mantle.
  6. 11. Ranges- a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust.
  7. 14. The epicenter is the point on the earth's surface vertically above the hypocenter (or focus), point in the crust where a seismic rupture begins.
  8. 15. Crust- the relatively thin part of the earth's crust which underlies the ocean basins. It is geologically young compared with the continental crust and consists of basaltic rock overlain by sediments.
  9. 16. Waves- an elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other means.
  10. 19. a long, narrow ditch.