Sensation and Perception

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Across
  1. 6. the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision
  2. 9. the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters
  3. 10. retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond
  4. 15. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
  5. 17. the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
  6. 18. ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening
  7. 19. the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them
  8. 20. the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
Down
  1. 1. conversion of one form of energy into another (transforming of stimulus energies such as sights, sounds, and smells into neural impulses our brains can interpret.)
  2. 2. analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
  3. 3. the principal that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)
  4. 4. the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina
  5. 5. the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names blue, green, and so forth
  6. 7. the processing of several aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision
  7. 8. the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time (also called just noticeable difference).
  8. 11. the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain
  9. 12. the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
  10. 13. information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
  11. 14. the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's aplitude
  12. 16. retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. Detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations