SI - Lecture 14

5. the gain of electrons and energy
7. adenosine diphosphate; composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups that is reversibly converted to ATP for the storing of energy by the addition of a high-energy phosphate group.
8. Electron *******; small organic molecules that shuttle high energy electrons from one plae to another.
11. ATP ********; a turbine-ike enzyme that makes ATP when hydrogen ions move through it.
12. the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule
13. phosphorylation; occurs when a ADP is phosphorylated by using the free energy produced from redox reactions in the electron transport chain.
14. (three words); a series of protein complexes and other molecules that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane; pumps hydrogen ions back to the intermembrane space.
15. ATP *********;an endergonic process by which an inorganic phosphate binds to ADP

1. ***** reaction; the transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another
2. phosphorylation; occurs when a ADP is phosphorylated by a substrate.
3. adenosine triphosphate;a nucleoside triphosphate that is the main energy-providing molecule that powers cellular work.
4. energy ********; Energy released from exergonic reactions is used to power endergonic reactions
6. ATP **********; an exergonic process by which the chemical energy stored in the high-energy phosphate bonds are released
9. the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane
10. the loss of electrons and energy