SOCI.1301 Midterm Review

Across

2. theory on media effects that suggests audiences get information through opinion leaders who influence their attitudes and beliefs rather than through direct firsthand sources (Two-Step ____________ Model).
3. a violation of contextual cultural or social norms.
4. a handful of people rebel replacing a society’s goals and means with their own.
8. others retreat and reject society’s goals and means. Some beggars and street people have withdrawn from society’s goal of financial success.
9. the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of one’s own culture (Cultural ____________).
17. the evaluation and judgment of another culture based on one’s own cultural norms.
20. shared beliefs values and practices.
22. a social bond that directly affects social control and is based on the investments we make in the community as stated in Control Theory.
23. the belief that another culture is superior to one’s own.
24. all print digital and electronic means of communication.
26. those who innovate pursue goals they cannot reach through legitimate means by instead using criminal or deviant means.
27. the media is considered like a fourth branch of government (after the executive legislative and judiciary) and thus serves as another of the checks and balances on power (____________ Estate).
28. theory that the mass media can set the public agenda by selecting certain news stories and excluding others thus influencing what audiences think about” (____________-Setting Theory).
30. a social bond that directly affects social control and is based on our connections to others as stated in Control Theory.
33. a theory of social movements that assumes people join not because of the movement’s ideals but to satisfy a psychological need to belong to something larger than themselves (____________ Society Theory).
34. the effort to control the impressions we make on others so that they form a desired view of us and the situations; the use of self-presentation and performance tactics (____________ Management).
35. a theory that states social control is directly affected by the strength of social bonds specifically attachment belief involvement and commitment and that deviance results from a feeling of disconnection from society (____________ Theory).
37. how we socially construct our emotions as part of our everyday reality (____________ Management).
41. the process by which a concept or practice is created and maintained by participants who collectively agree that it exists” (Social ____________).
42. a measure of a study’s consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced.
43. the systematic study of society and social interaction
44. the ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people as well as to history in general and societal structures in particular (Sociological ____________).

Down

1. the process wherein people come to understand societal norms and expectations to accept society’s beliefs and to be aware of societal values.
5. a theory of social movements that focuses on the actions of oppressed groups who seek rights or opportunities already enjoyed by others in society (Relative ____________ Theory).
6. the degree to which a particular studied group is similar to or represents any part of the larger society.
7. a way to authorize or formally disapprove of certain behaviors.
10. a theory that addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals resulting in conforming innovating ritualizing and retreating/rebelling (Structural ____________ Theory).
11. the degree to which a sociological measure accurately reflects the topic of study.
12. philosophy of criminal justice arising from the notion that crime results from a rational calculations of its costs and benefits (____________ Theory).
13. those who conform choose not to deviate. They pursue their goals to the extent that they can through socially accepted means.
14. a social bond that directly affects social control and is based on an agreement on common values in society as stated in Control Theory.
15. the laws morals values religious beliefs customs fashions rituals and all of the cultural rules that govern social life (Social ____________).
16. when groups share a location but maintain different cultures (____________ Bowl).
18. being able to extend what you learn from your sample to your population.
19. a theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communication (Symbolic ____________).
21. theory that suggests that audiences seek messages in the media that reinforce their existing attitudes and beliefs and are thus not influenced by challenging or contradictory information” (____________ Theory).
25. people who ritualize lower their goals until they can reach them through socially acceptable ways. These members of society focus on conformity rather than attaining a distant dream.
29. the sorting process by which thousands of possible messages are shaped into a mass media-appropriate form and reduced to a manageable amount.
31. a social bond that directly affects social control and is based on participation in socially legitimate activities as stated in Control Theory.
32. a technique sociologists use in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance (____________ Analysis).
36. a purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal (Social ____________).
38. a theoretical approach that sees society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals that make up that society (Structural ____________).
39. the regulation and enforcement of norms (____________ Control).
40. a theory that looks at society as a competition for limited resources (____________ Theory).