Social 30-1 Review

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Across
  1. 2. a response to social issues such as child labour. This was brought on to encourage a governments hand in regulating and eliminating the terrible outcomes and behaviours of market economies. An example of what this response would criticise is laissez-faire. And someone who influenced this would be teddy roosevelt and his square deal
  2. 6. (two words) This revolution led to the dictatorship of the proletariat. The revolution was greatly financed by “German money” and carried out under the leadership of Lenin. The communist organization occupied government buildings and seized their control. The results of this event allowed Lenin to become the dictator of the world's first communist state. An example of an ideology that was controversial would have been communism
  3. 8. a response to too much money being in circulation. Businesses will increase costs to cover for this. And people will not be as eager to spend therefore a surplus of supply is present and production will halt. This occurs at the peak of prosperity and tends to cause an economic decline that leads to unemployment
  4. 9. a class of people often referred to in this way from a communist position. They are the working class of people who would revolt and form a communist dictatorship. Those associated with the term would have ideological beliefs reflecting those written in the communist manifesto.
  5. 10. (three words) an assistive measure to improve the wellbeing of people who may be struggling to remain financially stable. This is provided by taxpayers to avoid poverty. An example of this would be old age pensions or food stamps.
  6. 13. (two words) this revolution is arguably one of the most beneficial in regards to the advances in labour regulations. At a time leading to this event there was an increase in general wealth and enterprise but also economic disparity. The class system had already shifted away from feudalism and introduced the working class. Results involved government intervention to regulate labour conditions and the development of labor unions. An example of an ideology that was controversial would have been capitalism.
  7. 14. (two words) One of the founding fathers of socialism.who believed that people were a product of their environment. He was a utopian socialist that would advocate for workplace equality. His work involved the reform of New Lanark where people received standard wages, and hospitality. Additionally, during the depression, layoffs were not as common under his authority.
  8. 15. nearing the end of the cold war, this occurred as an effort to reduce tensions between nations. International affairs embraced this policy to increase diplomacy and cultural contact. The interests of various nations aimed to strengthen and/or mend relationships. Events such as SALT 1 & 2 focussed on decreasing tensions with the means of reducing weapons programs. The period of this ended with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
  9. 16. the philosopher in favour of separation of powers. They sought the abolishment of tyranny and embraced liberty. This person proposed the spirit of the laws and welcomed the benefits of the branches of government
  10. 19. this person is associated with Friedman and the belief in supply-side economics. They are a strong supporter of classical liberalism and a capitalist system. They would advocate for the government to stay out of the economy. An example of Hayeks criticism is that adjusting the economy changes natural spending habits which would hurt the economy more than help.
  11. 27. an economic structure where there is a fixed portion of wealth and a country can increase their share by participating in trade or conquering other countries. Examples of policies that are associated with this structure pertain to strict price and wages, and the existence of colonial systems assumed to be pursuing land and power.
  12. 31. (two words) this ideology is supported strongly by Hayek. Involves a strong belief in economic freedom and a free market with little to no government intervention. For example an ideology that encourages true capitalism
  13. 32. a statistic often related to depressions in the economy. This is a result of rising inflation and less government spending such that people will reduce their amount of labour to escape bankruptcy. An example of this can be observed often in poverty stricken communities
  14. 33. a political stalemate such that the ability to pass a law is compromised by an equal split of the votes.
  15. 34. (three words) The people agree to a form of government or accept authority. Liberties are sacrificed to the state to provide authority on the grounds that the government is accountable for the protection of the people. This is embraced by philosophers John Lock and Rousseau
  16. 36. A class of people who became prosperous as a result of their investment in capitalism. They were responsible for the possession of the means of production from a marxist POV. They were known as the nouveau riche and the dominant american entrepreneurial class.
  17. 39. this person would criticise capitalism and encourage the installation of a command economy. They would advocate for equality and support the means of production belonging to the working class. An example of their work is the communist manifesto
  18. 41. (three words) this philosopher was known for his classic liberal beliefs. Their infamous statement about individual liberties states that people should be free to pursue personal interest to an extent that harm does not affect others as a result of their actions.
  19. 43. the main factor in the invisible hand motive. A true capitalist would rely on this to encourage corporations to increase their capital. An example of this would be different franchises that market within the same industry.
  20. 44. (two words) these people are professionally inclined to influence the government in favour of the beliefs of those who represent various social issues. They are hired to advocate for individuals and collectives. In the US, an organization known as the NRA advocates to lawmakers in support of gun rights.
  21. 45. (two words) leave it alone! A major factor of a classical liberalist supporter. Associated with capitalism, this phrase opposes government intervention to a major extent. The development of this theory was proposed by Adam Smith
  22. 46. this is a result of receding economic trends. Relating to poverty and higher unemployment rates. An example would take place in the 1930s after a time of great prosperity where people began to save their income and lose confidence in the banking industry.
  23. 48. (three words) this economic structure is supported by keynesian economics and intends on achieving economic prosperity with the means of government intervention. An example of this structure would allow for a hand in fiscal policy and observes the issue of deficit financing
  24. 49. (two words) this legislation aimed to recover, relieve and reform. Inspiration to propose this legislation arched from the hope that the economy could be saved. The person behind this act was FDR and an example of his work would be the abolishment of prohibition to encourage confidence in the government again.
  25. 50. an ideology associated with monarchies. This gives power and political sovereignty to rulers inheriting “divine right” and disregards questions to their authority. This unchallenged power was championed by Thomas Hobbes
Down
  1. 1. someone who supports demand side economics. This economist structured a system involving what is known as pump-priming which involved government intervention as a way to regulate the boom and bust pattern.
  2. 3. (two words) a fiscal policy that aims to create infrastructure projects to reduce unemployment. This policy is a form of stimulus that when increased will hope to achieve economic prosperity. An example of what may happen during an increase in this would allow for a government to run a deficit
  3. 4. (four words)A method to poll elections. Observed in Canada, this method involves a candidate with the most votes by constituents to win the respective riding. Thyen regardless of the vote share, it is the party with the most seats who wins the election.
  4. 5. (two words) This is a factor of keynesian economics when a government is paying out more than their revenue. A boom bust cycle tends to recede based on the premise that more revenue must come in to balance out this.
  5. 7. a response to poverty. People who support this would often advocate against true capitalism and encourage welfare and intervention that supports employment. An example of someone who supports this would encourage the implementation of universal healthcare
  6. 11. this person had a very key role in american economics. They were in office during ww2 and aided in the recovery of the economy. They were a supporter of liberal capitalism and are known for the legislation of the new deal
  7. 12. an anti-capitalist ideology that favours the abolishment of a class system and prosperity of the working class. Common associations such as marxist theory and leninism support this ideology. An example of society under these conditions would require a dictatorship of the proletariat.
  8. 17. (two words) these enterprises have a role in international business and development. Their ability to move around the world allows them to seek cheaper labour and production and evade paying larger sums of taxes. An example of one of these enterprises is mcdonalds
  9. 18. prior to the enlightenment, this social structure developed the relationship between landowners and laborers who exchanged their service and loyalty for protection and shelter. Examples of classes in this structure observed peasants, lower and upper lords and a monarch who awarded land and power to the lords below them.
  10. 20. a supporter of supply side economics. Very much against socialism, this person of influence was a prime minister who reduced welfare and sold off public property to private enterprise
  11. 21. (two words) Winston Churchill addressed the concept behind this. There was a political boundary that formed a divide between Soviet influence and the rest of western Europe. The premise of this from a soviet perspective aimed to prevent westernization and collapse of communism within the allied nations of eastern Europe.
  12. 22. (two words) A supporter of social contract theory from a democratic position in contrast to Thomas Hobbes. This philosopher advocates for the existence of “responsible government” and the notion that the people can challenge authority. They had quoted that government must “protect the rights of life, liberty,and property”
  13. 23. a downwards slope on the boom and bust cycle. Often, this is when surges of unemployment occur and inflation encourages people to begin saving their money.
  14. 24. (two words) Organisations dedicated to increasing benefits of the working class. These groups demand; higher wages, safer work conditions and regulated hours. They may also pursue activities such as strikes to oppose the ignorance of their interests. A significantly important act of this collective bargaining existed in Winnipeg, 1919. Various members of the working class shut down businesses to validate tier demands and recognition of these.
  15. 25. (two words) This revolution resulted from the death of stalin. The people had the intent on escaping the iron curtain. This revolution was unsuccessful, however, the uprising did contribute to the exposure of weakness regarding a communist ideology.
  16. 26. (two words) this economic system allows for the presence of capitalism and a free market joined with aspects of socialism and other government support within an economy. There is belief that competition will encourage economic growth, however, people who are limited to resources and opportunity are not forgotten about by the system. FDR’s social security act may be considered an example of a program accepted in this system.
  17. 28. (two words) an economic factor including fluctuating interest rates. Instating this would cause fluctuation in a boom and bust cycle to try and stabilize an economy. An example would be in 2008 just before the housing crisis occurred and interest rates dropped and more people were encouraged to purchase property
  18. 29. an economic structure in which a free market is strongly encouraged. Classical liberals favour this system and associate it with laissez-faire. An example of this system encourages competition, entrepreneurial spirit and the invisible hand theory. This system conflicts with communism and socialism by defending individual freedoms as an opportunity for success. Falling behind in society is considered natural and government aid is not encouraged.
  19. 30. (two words) disciplinary measures to maintain the support of party members in support of a majority decision. This is important especially in minority governments where the party leadership requires the votes to be casted by all members of said party.
  20. 35. (two words) commonly associated with a representative democracy, the people lose interest in elections.Often, motivational barriers such as not sharing relevant beliefs amongst political parties may deter people from participating in elections
  21. 37. (two words) an economic factor including levels of government spending and tax rates. . For example, the government would begin infrastructure projects to increase employment.
  22. 38. (Two words) This motivating factor of capitalism was first developed by Adam Smith. This selfish motivation will promote a better society as others will work harder. For example, when the common person notices that the Rich spend money on luxurious yachts, cars, and homes it motivates the common person to work harder to achieve a better lifestyle.
  23. 40. (two words) champion of absolutism, this philosopher published the works of leviathan which captured his beliefs regarding the requirement of government. He also supported the benefits of social contract theory.
  24. 42. (two words) a classical liberalist who proposed the ideals of laissez faire economics. This figure was popular for his beliefs in pursuing personal interests and a limited government role. Direct opposition to his theories would be someone like Karl Marx and the likes of those who represent anti capitalist behaviours.
  25. 47. an ideology favouring ultranationalism. This can occur under totalitarian states that establish a superiority complex. Often, this ideology presents itself in times of desperation and fear. Hitler embodied this ideology regarding his anti-semitism and quest for power. With the implementation of a one party state and legislation of the enabling act, Hitlers power was secured and this ideology reigned.