Soil Formation

1. Dark-colored organic substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay.
4. Solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
6. are organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest the with chemicals.
9. This occurs when plants shed leaves and their remains fall to the ground.
10. Is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it.

2. horizon B is made of this and consists mostly of clay and other particles.
3. horizon A is made of this crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals.
5. This is when water passes through the horizons carrying nutrients with it.
7. loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow.
8. Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt.