Special Education

Across

3. a way of augmenting speechreading.
6. Person whose hearing disability precludes successful processing of linguistic information through audition, with or without a hearing aid.
8. Decoding or understanding messages in communication.
11. One’s understanding of the strategies available for learning a task and the regulatory mechanisms needed to complete the task.
12. A milder form of autism without significant impairments in language and cognition; characterized by primary problems in social interaction.
14. A specially designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student and that might require special materials, teaching techniques, or equipment and/or facilities.
16. A way of determining whether a student has a learning disability
17. A term for reading disabilities; used more often by those in the medical profession than those who are educators.
19. Teaching that involves instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and transfer of stimulus control; often used with students with intellectual disabilities.
20. The parroting repetition of words or phrases either immediately after they are heard or later; often observed in individuals with autistic spectrum disorders.
21. A surgically inserting electronic elements under the skin behind the ear and in the inner ear.
22. A federal law requires that to receive funds under the act, every school system in the nation must provide a free, appropriate public education for every child between the ages of three and twenty-one, regardless of how or how seriously he or she may be disabled.
25. A method used by most sign language interpreters in which the signs maintain the same word order as that of spoken English
26. A teaching approach in which the teacher places students with heterogeneous abilities (for example, some might have disabilities) together to work on assignments.
32. An inability to do something, a diminished capacity to perform in a specific way (an impairment)
33. Evaluation that consists of finding out the consequences (what purpose the behavior serves), antecedents (what triggers the behavior), and setting events (contextual factors) that maintain inappropriate behaviors.
34. An inherited syndrome resulting in hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa, a progressive condition characterized by problems in seeing in low light and tunnel vision
35. A manual language used by people who are deaf to communicate; a true language with its own grammar.
36. Hesitations, repetitions, and other disruptions of normal speech flow.
38. Inflammation of the middle ear.
42. Mainstreaming; the idea of placing students with disabilities in general education classes and other school activities.
43. A technique whereby a friend or therapist offers encouragement and support for a person with ADHD.

Down

1. A condition resulting from an abnormality with the 21st pair of chromosomes; the most common abnormality is a triplet rather than a pair (the condition sometimes referred to as trisomy 21); characterized by intellectual disability and such physical signs as slanted-appearing eyes, hypotonia, a single palmar crease, shortness, and a tendency toward obesity.
2. A disorder that occurs in children who are younger than 9 years old. The disorder results in the impaired ability to produce sounds in his or her own language.
4. Occurs when the stimulation of one sensory or cognitive system results in the stimulation of another sensory or cognitive system.
5. A condition characterized by problems in peripheral vision, or a narrowing of the field of vision.
7. A disorder characterized by overt, aggressive, disruptive behavior or covert antisocial acts such as stealing, lying, and fire setting; may include both overt and covert acts.
9. A program aims to be drawn up the educational team for each exceptional child; it must include a statement of present educational performance, instructional goals, educational services to be provided, and criteria and procedures for determining that the instructional objectives are being met.
10. A term used by educators to refer to individuals whose visual impairment is not so severe that they are unable to read print of any kind; they may read large or regular print, and they may need some kind of magnification.
13. A system in which raised dots allow people who are blind to read with their fingertips; each quadrangular cell contains from one to six dots, the arrangement of which denotes different letters and symbols.
15. A type of cognitive training technique that requires individuals to talk aloud and then to themselves as they solve problems.
18. A condition characterized by severe problems of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity; often found in people with learning disabilities.
23. A condition characterized by problems in seeing at low levels of illumination; often caused by retinitis pigmentosa.
24. The ability to see fine details; usually measured with the Snellen chart.
27. Acting-out behavior; aggressive or disruptive behavior that is observable as behavior directed toward others.
28. Acting-in behavior; anxiety, fearfulness, withdrawal, and other indications of an individual’s mood or internal state.
29. Farsightedness; vision for near objects is affected; usually results when the eyeball is too short.
30. A range of disorders in children whose mothers consumed large quantities of alcohol during pregnancy.
31. Behavior causing injury or mutilation of oneself, such as self-biting or head-banging; usually seen in individuals with severe and multiple disabilities.
37. A disadvantage imposed on an individual.
39. Injury to the brain (not including conditions present at birth, birth trauma, or degenerative diseases or conditions) resulting in total or partial disability or psychosocial maladjustment that affects educational performance; may affect various aspects of brain development.
40. The use of memory-enhancing cues to help one remember something
41. Civil rights legislation for persons with disabilities ensuring nondiscrimination in a broad range of activities.