Speech & Debate

3. To provide evidence, facts, or reasoning that bolsters the validity of a claim.
4. A statement or proposition that serves as the basis for an argument's conclusion.
9. Based on facts and evidence, rather than personal feelings or opinions.
10. The final point or judgment reached by reasoning through the provided evidence.
12. Acknowledging the validity of a point made by the opposing side in an argument.
14. To limit or modify a claim, acknowledging conditions under which it may not apply.
15. The often unstated logical connection that justifies using particular evidence for a claim.

1. statement that opposes or challenges the main claim being presented.
2. An underlying belief or principle that is taken for granted without explicit proof.
5. To prove a statement or argument to be wrong or false through logical reasoning and evidence.
6. Factual information, data, or expert opinions used to support the validity of a claim.
7. A debatable statement that asserts a particular stance or belief about a topic.
8. The logical links and explanations that connect the evidence to the claim.
11. A response that defends the original claim by addressing and disproving the counterclaim.
13. A flaw in reasoning that weakens or invalidates an argument's logical structure.