Spring ‘24 Atmosphere Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 4. – An instrument used to measure wind speed.
  2. 6. smog – The brown haze that develops in sunny cities formed by the action of sunlight on pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
  3. 9. streams – Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth’s surface.
  4. 10. – The lower part of the thermosphere which has charged particles.
  5. 11. – The outer layer of the thermosphere.
  6. 12. barometer – An instrument that measures changes in air pressure without using a liquid.
  7. 14. – A form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two.
  8. 15. – The layer of the atmosphere where Earth’s weather occurs.
  9. 18. radiation – Electromagnetic radiation (waves) with wavelengths that are shorter than visible light.
  10. 19. pressure – The result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area.
  11. 21. – A harmful substance in the air, water, or soil.
  12. 23. effect – The effect of Earth’s rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
  13. 24. – The amount of mass in a given volume of a substance. Or, mass divided by volume.
  14. 25. breeze – The blow of air from land to a body of water.
  15. 26. factor – A measure of cooling combining the effects of temperature and wind speed.
  16. 29. borealis - the brilliant northern lights in the ionosphere from electrically charged particles released from the sun that enter the earth's atmosphere and collide with gasses such as oxygen and nitrogen.
  17. 32. – The direct transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves.
  18. 35. radiation– A radiation (waves) that can transfer energy through the vacuum of space.
  19. 37. – The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.
  20. 38. breeze – The flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake toward land.
  21. 39. – The reflection of light in all directions.
  22. 40. – The transfer of thermal energy between objects because of a difference in temperature.
  23. 41. energy – The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.
  24. 43. – The outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere.
Down
  1. 1. – The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.
  2. 2. – An instrument used to measure temperature, consisting of a thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid.
  3. 3. - The condition of Earth’ atmosphere at a particular time and place.
  4. 5. – The second layer of the atmosphere which contains the ozone layer.
  5. 7. - The envelope of gasses that surrounds the planet.
  6. 8. current – The movement of a fluid that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.
  7. 13. barometer – An instrument that measures changes in air pressure, consisting of a class tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury.
  8. 16. - an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
  9. 17. winds – Winds that blow over short distances.
  10. 20. vapor – Water in the form of a gas.
  11. 21. – The force pushing on an area or surface.
  12. 22. – The direct transfer of heat between two substances that are touching.
  13. 27. – The distance in degrees from the equator.
  14. 28. – The average amount of energy of motion of each molecule of a substance.
  15. 30. winds – Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances.
  16. 31. effect – The process by which heat is trapped in the atmosphere by water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other gasses that form a “blanket” around Earth.
  17. 33. – The elevation above sea level.
  18. 34. – The layer of the atmosphere that protects Earth’s surface from being hit by most meteoroids.
  19. 36. radiation – Electromagnetic radiation (waves) with wavelengths that are longer than red light.
  20. 42. rain – Acidic rain formed when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Rain that contains more acid than normal.