Spring ‘24 Atmosphere Vocabulary
Across
- 4. – An instrument used to measure wind speed.
- 6. smog – The brown haze that develops in sunny cities formed by the action of sunlight on pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
- 9. streams – Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth’s surface.
- 10. – The lower part of the thermosphere which has charged particles.
- 11. – The outer layer of the thermosphere.
- 12. barometer – An instrument that measures changes in air pressure without using a liquid.
- 14. – A form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two.
- 15. – The layer of the atmosphere where Earth’s weather occurs.
- 18. radiation – Electromagnetic radiation (waves) with wavelengths that are shorter than visible light.
- 19. pressure – The result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area.
- 21. – A harmful substance in the air, water, or soil.
- 23. effect – The effect of Earth’s rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
- 24. – The amount of mass in a given volume of a substance. Or, mass divided by volume.
- 25. breeze – The blow of air from land to a body of water.
- 26. factor – A measure of cooling combining the effects of temperature and wind speed.
- 29. borealis - the brilliant northern lights in the ionosphere from electrically charged particles released from the sun that enter the earth's atmosphere and collide with gasses such as oxygen and nitrogen.
- 32. – The direct transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves.
- 35. radiation– A radiation (waves) that can transfer energy through the vacuum of space.
- 37. – The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.
- 38. breeze – The flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake toward land.
- 39. – The reflection of light in all directions.
- 40. – The transfer of thermal energy between objects because of a difference in temperature.
- 41. energy – The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.
- 43. – The outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere.
Down
- 1. – The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.
- 2. – An instrument used to measure temperature, consisting of a thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid.
- 3. - The condition of Earth’ atmosphere at a particular time and place.
- 5. – The second layer of the atmosphere which contains the ozone layer.
- 7. - The envelope of gasses that surrounds the planet.
- 8. current – The movement of a fluid that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.
- 13. barometer – An instrument that measures changes in air pressure, consisting of a class tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury.
- 16. - an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
- 17. winds – Winds that blow over short distances.
- 20. vapor – Water in the form of a gas.
- 21. – The force pushing on an area or surface.
- 22. – The direct transfer of heat between two substances that are touching.
- 27. – The distance in degrees from the equator.
- 28. – The average amount of energy of motion of each molecule of a substance.
- 30. winds – Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances.
- 31. effect – The process by which heat is trapped in the atmosphere by water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other gasses that form a “blanket” around Earth.
- 33. – The elevation above sea level.
- 34. – The layer of the atmosphere that protects Earth’s surface from being hit by most meteoroids.
- 36. radiation – Electromagnetic radiation (waves) with wavelengths that are longer than red light.
- 42. rain – Acidic rain formed when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Rain that contains more acid than normal.