Stars

3. The high-mass equivalent of a red giant; it is much larger and fuses heavier elements up to iron.
6. An idealised object that absorbs all radiation incident upon it and emits a characteristic spectrum based solely on its temperature.
8. A quantum mechanical pressure preventing white dwarfs with mass less than the Chandrasekhar limit from collapsing further.
10. The maximum mass of a stable white dwarf, calculated to be 1.44 solar masses.
16. The total power (energy per second) radiated by a star, measured in Watts (W).
17. The final, stable, incredibly dense, hot remnant core of a low-mass star. No fusion occurs.
18. Law which states that the peak wavelength of emitted radiation is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of the star.
20. A giant, cold cloud of hydrogen gas and dust, which is the birthplace of all stars.
21. Law which states that the luminosity of a star is directly proportional to its surface area and the fourth power of its absolute temperature.

1. The stable state of a star where the inward force of gravity is balanced by the outward radiation and gas pressure.
2. The violent explosion of a high-mass star after iron fusion causes the core to collapse.
4. The process where gravity causes denser regions of a nebula to contract, releasing gravitational potential energy as heat.
5. A spectrum containing dark lines produced when light from a hot, dense source (star core) passes through a cooler, low-density gas (outer atmosphere).
7. An incredibly dense remnant of a supernova), composed almost entirely of neutrons.
9. A star that has run out of hydrogen in its core, causing the core to collapse, heat up, and the outer layers to expand and cool.
11. Stars that evolve into red supergiants, then supernova.
12. The outward pressure exerted by the photons produced in the fusion core, which balances the inward force of gravity.
13. The process in the core of a star.
14. Stars that evolve into red giants, then white dwarfs.
15. A very hot, dense sphere of dust and gas that forms before nuclear fusion begins. It glows due to the heat generated by the collapse.
19. The remnant of a massive star where gravity is so strong that the escape velocity exceeds the speed of light.