Stat ch 8-9 vocab

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Across
  1. 8. A measure of the statistical accuracy of an estimate, equal to the standard deviation of the theoretical distribution of a large population of such estimates.
  2. 10. Involves the use of sample data to calculate a single value (known as a statistic) which is to serve as a "best guess" or "best estimate" of an unknown (fixed or random) population parameter.
  3. 11. The claim that we are trying to find evidence for in a significance test
  4. 13. Each of a number of independently variable factors affecting the range of states in which a system may exist, in particular.
  5. 14. Measures how far a sample statistic diverges from what we would expect if the null hypothesis were true, in standardized units.
  6. 15. An amount (usually small) that is allowed for in case of miscalculation or change of circumstances.
  7. 16. A formal procedure for using observed data to decide between two competing claims
  8. 18. A point on the test distribution that is compared to the test statistic to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.
  9. 20. A single value given as an estimate of a parameter of a population.
Down
  1. 1. Robust statistics are statistics with good performance for data drawn from a wide range of probability distributions, especially for distributions that are not normal.
  2. 2. It states that a parameter is larger than the null hypothesis value or states that the parameter is smaller than the null value
  3. 3. Study designs that involve making two observations on the same individual or one observation on each of two VERY similar individuals result in ...
  4. 4. P(Type 2 Error)
  5. 5. Any member of a family of continuous probability distributions that arises when estimating the mean of a normally distributed population in situations where the sample size is small and population standard deviation is unknown.
  6. 6. A range of values so defined that there is a specified probability that the value of a parameter lies within it.
  7. 7. The level C of a confidence interval gives the probability that the interval produced by the method employed includes the true value of the parameter.
  8. 9. P(Type 1 Error)
  9. 12. The _________________ of a test against a specific alternative is the probability that the test will reject the null hypothesis at a chosen significance level alpha when the specified alternative value of the parameter is true. We made the correct decision.
  10. 17. Claim we weigh evidence against in a significance test
  11. 19. It states that the parameter is different from the null hypothesis value (it could be either larger or smaller)