Sub Work 1-9

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Across
  1. 4. small oil refineries in the Cleveland area
  2. 7. authorized the President to break up reservation land, which was held in common by the members of a tribe, into small allotments to be parceled out to individuals
  3. 9. a business leader whose means of amassing a personal fortune contributed positively to the country in some way
  4. 10. is a business strategy in which one company grows its operations at the same level in an industry
  5. 12. period of gross materialism and blatant political corruption in U.S. history during the 1870s that gave rise to important novels of social and political criticism
  6. 14. United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years
  7. 16. argument advanced by historian Frederick Jackson Turner in 1893
  8. 17. extremely wealthy Americans like himself had a responsibility to spend their money in order to benefit the greater good
  9. 19. a massacre of Cheyenne and Arapaho people by the U.S. Army in the American Indian Wars that occurred on November 29, 1864
  10. 20. among the first in the United States to conceive of photographic images as instruments for social change
Down
  1. 1. organized unskilled and skilled workers, campaigned for an eight hour workday, and aspired to form a cooperative society in which laborers owned the industries in which they worked
  2. 2. the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, United States
  3. 3. insulate a company from competition by integrating every aspect of production into a single company, thus eliminating middlemen.
  4. 5. financiers who made fortunes by monopolizing huge industries through the formation of trusts, engaging in unethical business practices, exploiting workers, and paying little heed to their customers or competition
  5. 6. North American Indian religious cult of the second half of the 19th century, based on the performance of a ritual dance that, it was believed, would drive away white people and restore the traditional lands and way of life.
  6. 8. speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan, a former United States Representative from Nebraska, at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896
  7. 11. Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against United States government policies.
  8. 13. the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals
  9. 15. federally owned island in New York Harbor, situated within the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, that was the busiest immigrant inspection and processing station in the United States
  10. 18. a massacre of nearly three hundred Lakota people by soldiers of the United States Army