Suelo y Contaminacion

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Across
  1. 1. Crushing and reducing soil porosity, which decreases water infiltration and aeration, increasing erosion and surface runoff.
  2. 4. Metallic elements with high density and toxicity, such as lead, mercury and cadmium, which can accumulate in the soil and contaminate crops.
  3. 6. Decomposition of organic materials by the action of microorganisms present in the soil, a key process for nutrient cycling.
  4. 7. Materials derived from living organisms present in the soil, such as plant and animal remains, which influence its structure and fertility.
  5. 9. Excessive accumulation of soluble salts in the soil, which reduces its fertility and ability to sustain plant life.
  6. 10. Process of soil degradation in arid or semi-arid areas, caused mainly by deforestation, overgrazing and unsustainable agriculture.
  7. 13. Measurement of acidity or alkalinity of the soil, which influences the availability of nutrients for plants and the activity of microorganisms.
  8. 14. Chemical substances used to control weeds in crops, which can persist in the soil and contaminate water and ecosystems.
  9. 15. Chemical substances used to control pests and diseases in crops, which can contaminate soil and water and affect human health and biodiversity.
  10. 16. Process by which contaminants accumulate in the tissues of organisms throughout the food chain, increasing their concentration and toxicity.
  11. 17. Process of washing nutrients and contaminants from the soil by rainwater or irrigation, which can contaminate groundwater.
  12. 18. Loss of soil quality and functions due to contamination, erosion, compaction or other forms of deterioration.
  13. 19. A natural process or caused by human activities that wears down and drags soil particles, reducing its fertility and quality.
Down
  1. 2. Introduction of harmful substances or elements into the environment, such as soil, that affect human health and biodiversity.
  2. 3. Environmental remediation technique that uses plants to absorb, degrade or immobilize soil contaminants, restoring its quality.
  3. 5. Small organisms, such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa, present in the soil and essential for the decomposition of organic matter and soil fertility.
  4. 8. Chemical elements essential for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, present in the soil in the form of mineral salts.
  5. 11. Surface layer of the Earth composed of minerals, organic matter, water and air, essential for the growth of plants.
  6. 12. Chemical or natural substances added to soil to improve its fertility and increase agricultural production, but which can contaminate soil and water if used in excess.
  7. 13. Chemical substances used to control pests in crops, which can persist in soil and food, causing contamination and health risks.