T357 Crossword

Across

3. The photoelastic method is limited to certain type of structures. T/F
6. Stress Intensity Range - Crack Growth Rate Graph
7. Yield theory which assumes yield is dependent on shear stress reaching critical value.
10. Strain measurement method which is capable of revealing stress state on entire curved surface
12. Criteria required for PJS model Y/N - centre lines of adjoining members meet at point
13. Mechanism for fatigue is due to 'damage zone' of microcracks forming ahead of crack tip. Crack grows forward into this region under cyclic loading.
14. Fatigue can initiate from flaw or as a result of intrusions and extrusions on the crystallographic slip bands within material grains.
18. Buckling is only possible in members which are in_
19. Max point on stress-strain curve (acronym)
21. Criterion which ensures condition of plane strain dominates at crack tip. Required for fracture toughness tests to be valid.
23. Gradient of linear region of stress-strain curve (2 Words, 1/2)
24. Flaws in crystal lattice which move via slip.
26. Strain measurement method which can measure strain at particular point
27. Type of corrosion which occurs at junction of metals.
28. Surface treatment which minimises any surface residual stresses.
33. Negative moment in a beam leads to _
34. Markings caused by changes to cyclical loading (frequency or intensity). Visible to human eye.
35. Strain measurement method which requires skilled operators but allows design ideas to be considered without building. (3 Words, 2/3)
36. Reducing Primary Stress moves point closer to _ along same line.
38. RSM. Spatial resolution down to the micrometre, requires FE analysis, reveals stresses normal to cut surface.
39. Von Mises is more accurate which reduces need for …
42. Simplification used to analyse bodies which are relatively long in one dimension and are loaded perpendicular to this length
45. Formation of strain gauges which allows strains in x,y,z directions at once
47. Technique to investigate cracks, only suitable for ferromagnetic materials, does not reveal crack length.
48. Bending moment diagrams have _ sections which go up to point loads.
50. Simplification used to analyse bodies which are relatively thin in one dimension (taken to be z-direction).
51. Tool used to determine safe-life for component. Generated from series of stress-life tests in lab.
54. Finite element analysis maps stress states in connected mesh of …
60. Cumulative from of failure resulting from cyclic loading.
61. RSM. Spatial resolution upwards of order of 100 um, reveals full 3D stress state, expensive, difficult to access testing facilities.
62. Material property represent material's ability to resist fast brittle fracture.
69. Fatigue in corrosive environment. Chemicals or even temp increase can increase susceptibility to fatigue.
70. Contour line which joins connecting points with same stress difference
71. Stage 1 crack growth is driven by _ stresses and is along grain boundaries.
72. Minor principal stress in pressure vessel
76. Applied Load/Plastic Collapse Load. Cut off point is mean flow stress/yield stress.
77. Technique to investigate cracks, good for large pieces and can produce images.
79. Gradient of linear region of stress-strain curve (2 Words, 2/2)
80. m+r=2j / Number of equlibrium equations = number of unknown forces
82. The photoelastic method is susceptible to heat and electrical interference. T/F
83. Stiffness matrix combines matrix of strains for each nodes. Resolved taking into account …
84. Stress amplitude below which fatigue failure will not occur regardless of number of stress cycles. Typical of ferritic steels.
85. Increasing yield stress moves point to the _

Down

1. Stress intensity factor for elastic failure by elastic-plastic failure. Cut off at 1.
2. An assumption when analysing joints is that they occupy the connecting hole _
3. Strain measurement method which requires skilled operators but allows design ideas to be considered without building. (3 Words, 1/3)
4. Point on stress-strain curve where linear region changes to curve (2 Words, 2/2)
5. Crack Growth Rate per cycle - Crack Growth Rate Graph
8. Shear force diagrams have _ sections which are constant until point load.
9. Strain measurement method which requires skilled operators but allows design ideas to be considered without building. (3 Words, 3/3)
11. Principal which allows complex stress states to be analysed by summing results of simpler stress states.
12. Criteria required for PJS model Y/N - Primary forces in members are axial
15. RSM. Spatial resolution upwards of order of 100 um, Low cost, easy to perform, good for measuring stress profile in surface of component.
16. Increasing crack length moves point up and to the _
17. Shear lips and visible microvoids suggest _ deformation.
20. Increasing fracture toughness moves point _
22. Type of corrosion which occurs when dissimilar metals are in contact, or close proximity, in presence of electrolyte
25. Major source of residual stress and potential crack initiation site.
29. Technique to investigate cracks, good for smaller, surface cracks invisible to human eye. Less accurate in determining crack depth.
30. Factor which is independent of material and function of loading and geometry of component.
31. _ surfaces can minimize the effects of fatigue.
32. Metal with lowest electrical potential, loses electrons to cathode.
37. Stage 2 crack growth is when crack grows across grains _ to maximum principal stress.
40. Fatigue occurs by breaking cross-linked bonds in polymer OR by local melting of the material which occurs due to viscoelastic nature of material.
41. Method which involves heating component to relax residual stresses.
43. Feature of polymer fracture surfaces, occurs when the polymer is stretched and thinned to the point that the ligament is unable to sustain the load.
44. Point on stress-strain curve where linear region changes to curve (2 Words, 1/2)
46. Occurs in metal with ongoing tensile stress and exposed to chemical reagent.
49. Smooth, untarnished surface suggests _ failure.
52. S-N Curve plots _ versus number of cycles to failure.
53. Stress amplitude at which fatigue fatigue will not occur after material is subjected to specified number of cycles. Typical of non-ferrous alloys.
55. Material which exhibits visible pattern when stress is applied, under certain optical arrangement
56. Strain gauges deduce the strain, stress etc. by measuring the change in …
57. When analysing joints we tend to ignore _ forces.
58. Markings created from plastic deformation of material at "ears" created at crack tip. Can be used to measure growth rate of crack.
59. To reduce buckling it is necessary to _ the I-value
63. Positive moment in a beam leads to _
64. Water attacks bond in elastomers which breaks the molecular chain reduces material strength.
65. Yield theory which assumes yield depends on difference between all principal stresses.
66. Equation to predict crack growth rate. It is only valid for Stage II Crack Growth.
67. Residual stresses can also be described as _ stresses.
68. X-intercepts on mohr's circle represent _ stresses.
73. Homogeneous strain model assumes matrix elements are laid together _ to load.
74. Tresca is more conservative but simpler to calculate. Built in safety factor. T/F
75. Criteria required for PJS model Y/N - external forces applied as point loads anywhere on structure
77. Increasing residual stress moves line _
78. Metal with highest electrical potential.
81. Major principal stress in pressure vessel