Take Home Exam 2

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Across
  1. 3. The Warburg effect explains that in the presence of oxygen, pyruvate in cancer cells primarily produces ________, whereas in normal cells, when oxygen is present, pyruvate primarily produces ATP and only a small amount of _______. (LO11)
  2. 4. Both 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate perform substrate-level phosphorylation by transferring a phosphate group to _____, a molecule with lower phosphoryl transfer potential, forming ATP. (LO9)
  3. 6. True or False: PET scans utilize a radioactive sugar to identify tumorous cells metabolizing abnormally low amounts of glucose. (LO10)
  4. 8. A reaction synthesizing compound V with a ΔG value of -52.8 kJ/mol would be classified as _______. (LO6)
  5. 11. ATP’s exceptionally high phosphoryl-transfer potential means the free energy change of ATP hydrolysis is very __________. (LO5)
  6. 12. Redox reactions consist of oxidation and____. It has an electron carrier because there needs to be something that will hold the electrons lost through____and carry them to the other side through reduction. (LO2)
Down
  1. 1. The _____ forms of NAD and FAD are NAD+ and FAD, and the ______ forms of NAD and FAD are NADH and FADH2.(LO3)
  2. 2. In the glycolysis reaction, the oxidation of carbon is coupled with the formation of ________, – a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction–using a thioester intermediate to preserve the release of free energy from the oxidation reaction to make the reaction favorable. (LO8)
  3. 5. Glycolysis is an example of a___pathway, while gluconeogenesis is an example of an___pathway. (LO1)
  4. 7. The higher the free energy of oxidation and overall energy of a single carbon compound the _______ stable it is and more useful as a fuel.(LO4)
  5. 9. Catabolism are reactions that ___fuels and turn them into cellular energy. Anabolism are reactions that___energy. (LO1)
  6. 10. The highly negative ΔG values of ATP hydrolysis and oxidation can be coupled with endergonic reactions to drive the less favorable reactions forward. A __________ intermediate lowers the energy barrier to reach the acyl phosphate product in the redox reactions of glycolysis by preserving the free energy released from the oxidation reaction.(LO7)