task 5

3. Bringing together many small shipments, often from different shippers, into large shipment quantities, in order to take advantage of economies of scale in transportation costs. In-vehicle consolidation is when a vehicle makes pickups from many customers and consolidates freight inside the vehicle.
5. An agency that obtains negotiated large-volume transportation rates from carriers, and resells this capacity to shippers.
7. An agency that receives freight from a shipper and then arranges for transportation with one or more carriers for transport to the consignee.
8. Loss or damage of freight shipments while in transit or in a carrier-operated warehouse.
10. Point at which ownership of freight changes hands from shipper to consignee.
11. A firm that provides transportation services, typically owning and operating transportation equipment.
12. A for-hire carrier providing transportation services to the general public. Obligations: to serve, to deliver, to charge reasonable rates, to avoid discrimination.
13. An individual or firm to whom freight is shipped. A freight receiver.
14. It refers to goods being transported from place to place.
15. Companies that provide door-to-door domestic and international air freight service.

1. An individual or firm that sends freight. A freight originator.
2. A document providing a binding contract between a shipper and a carrier for the transportation of freight, specifying the obligations of both parties.
4. Shipment moving from origin to destination via two or more carriers.
6. Owned and operated by a shipper. Usually refers to private trucking fleets. Components include: vehicle fleet, drivers, maintenance equipment.
9. Transportation service arrangement in which freight is moved from origin (shipper) through to ultimate destination (consignee) for a given rate.