Tectonics 1

7. the ring of volcanoes and earthquake sites circling the Pacific Ocean
8. the death of many species over a short period of geological time; for example, because of an ice age
10. mountains formed by plates pushing into each other causing the rock at the plate margins to fold upwards
12. plate movement caused by the cooling and spreading of new rock along a ridge
13. melted rock at Earth’s surface
14. an opening in the Earth’s crust through which lava, ash and gases escape
15. an area of relatively flat, high land

1. the region where two plates meet
2. the shaking of Earth’s crust caused by sudden rock movement
3. melted rock below Earth's surface
4. the variation in the height of the land; for example, steep valleys, gentle slopes
5. the hard, rigid outer part of Earth’s crust
6. land that juts out into the sea and is almost surrounded by water
9. plate movement caused by the sinking of heavier plates into the mantle due to gravity
11. how far a place is north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees
16. waves generated by an earthquake in the ocean floor