Tenochtitlán: A City of Wonders (TCI Ch. 23.3)

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Across
  1. 7. The island connects to the mainland by three ________________ (an earthen land bridge that allows people to walk through water or low land), the longest of which stretched five miles. The _____________ were 25 to 30 feet wide, and all had wooden bridges that could be raised to let boats through or to protect the city in an enemy attack.
  2. 8. An _________-foot wall that was studded with sculptures of serpents enclosed the ceremonial plaza. The palaces and homes of nobles lined the outside of the wall.
  3. 10. At the center of the city lay a large ceremonial __________ where the Aztecs gathered for religious rituals, feasts, and festivals.
  4. 12. A dam ten miles long ran along the east side of the city to hold back ________________.
  5. 13. The Great Temple had two steep stairways leading to double ________, one of which was dedicated to the chief god, Huitzilopochtli (wee-tsee-loh-POHCH-tlee).
  6. 14. The city boasted other technological marvels, like the ______________ that carried fresh water for irrigation. Twin pipes ran from the Chapultepec springs, three miles away. While one pipe was being cleaned or repaired, the other could transport water.
  7. 16. Aztecs even merged Tlatelolco (tlah-TEH-lohl-koh), originally a separate___________, with Tenochtitlán.
  8. 18. Although Tenochtitlán spread over five square miles, people had an ___________ time getting around.
  9. 20. Tenochtitlán was larger than any city in Europe during the 1500s, including London, __________, or Venice.
  10. 21. At night, pine torches lit the way. People also traveled on foot on smaller walkways or by __________ on the canals that crossed the city. Many of the canals were lined with stone and had bridges.
  11. 23. Merchants also sold gold, silver, turquoise, animal skins, clothing, pottery, chocolate, vanilla, tools, and even ___________.
  12. 25. Other structures in the plaza included more shrines and temples, the ritual ball court (for a game similar to pok-a-tok), military storehouses, and ___________ for important visitors.
  13. 27. Aztecs created small islands called____________, or “floating gardens.”
  14. 28. When Spanish explorers first arrived at Tenochtitlán in 1519, they were _________to see a majestic city crisscrossed by canals and boasting impressive temples and palaces.
  15. 29. At the royal ___________________ trained staff plucked the valuable feathers from parrots and quetzals.
  16. 30. The palace was the _________ of the Aztec ruler, but it also had government offices, shrines, courts, storerooms, gardens, and courtyards.
Down
  1. 1. The capital city of Tenochtitlan had a huge __________ for the time (1500’s) of between 200,000 and 300,000 people.
  2. 2. Eventually, the Aztecs expanded the city's land surface until it covered over ___________ square miles.
  3. 3. Four wide ___________ met at the foot of the Great Temple.
  4. 4. In front of the shrines in the Great Temple stood the stone where priests performed _____________.
  5. 5. Inside the plaza, a stone pyramid called the ______________ loomed 150 feet into the sky. People could see the pyramid, which was decorated with bright sculptures and murals, from several miles away.
  6. 6. A _____________ workers swept and washed down the streets each day, keeping them cleaner than streets in European cities.
  7. 9. Wild animals captured throughout the empire, such as pumas and jaguars, prowled cages in the royal ______________.
  8. 11. Aztecs ___________ from the lake by sinking timbers into the water to serve as walls. Then, they filled in the area between the timbers with mud, boulders, and reeds.
  9. 15. In the Great Temple, an altar, called the tzompantli (“_________”), displayed the skulls of thousands of sacrificial victims.
  10. 17. As the Aztecs' power grew, their capital city of Tenochtitlán developed into one of the _________ cities in the world.
  11. 19. Goods at the marketplace ranged from luxury items, such as jade and feathers, to necessities, such as food and ___________ sandals.
  12. 22. Just outside the plaza stood the ________________, which was two stories and functioned like a small town.
  13. 24. The city's main marketplace was located in the northern section, in Tlatelolco. Each day, as many as ________ thousand people came from all corners of the Aztec Empire to sell their wares.
  14. 26. The second shrine in the Great Temple was dedicated to Tlaloc (tlah-LOHK), the ________ god.