Terminology Review

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Across
  1. 1. The sequence of stages through which a cell grows, replicates its DNA, and divides.
  2. 5. The process in which ribosomes use the sequence of an mRNA molecule to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide.
  3. 6. An organic molecule including fats and oils, important for energy storage and membranes.
  4. 8. A nucleic acid involved in expressing genetic information and protein synthesis.
  5. 12. Passive movement of substances through membrane proteins down a concentration gradient.
  6. 13. The net movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from higher to lower water potential.
  7. 16. A biological catalyst that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed.
  8. 18. A single sugar unit that acts as a building block of carbohydrates.
  9. 19. A lipid molecule consisting of glycerol joined to three fatty acids.
  10. 20. An organic molecule made mainly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, often used for energy.
  11. 22. The molecule upon which an enzyme acts.
  12. 25. The uptake of substances into a cell by formation of a vesicle from the cell membrane.
  13. 26. A nucleic acid that stores genetic information.
  14. 28. A membrane-bound organelle containing genetic material and controlling cell activities.
  15. 31. The region of a cell where many metabolic reactions occur.
  16. 33. A double layer of phospholipids forming the basic structure of the cell membrane.
  17. 34. A carbohydrate made from many monosaccharide units joined together.
  18. 36. A change in protein structure that causes an enzyme to lose its functional shape.
  19. 37. A structure that synthesizes proteins from amino acids.
  20. 38. An organelle where aerobic respiration produces ATP.
  21. 39. A selectively permeable boundary controlling movement of substances into and out of a cell.
  22. 40. A highly branched polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals and fungi.
Down
  1. 2. The division of the cytoplasm to form separate daughter cells.
  2. 3. A polymer of amino acids with structural, transport, catalytic, or other biological functions.
  3. 4. The stage when a cell grows, carries out normal functions, and replicates its DNA.
  4. 7. Movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy from ATP.
  5. 9. The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
  6. 10. A type of cell division that produces haploid cells with genetically different nuclei.
  7. 11. A temporary complex formed when a substrate binds to an enzyme's active site.
  8. 14. A structure consisting of DNA associated with proteins that carries genetic information.
  9. 15. Nuclear division that produces two genetically identical nuclei.
  10. 17. One of two identical copies of a replicated chromosome.
  11. 21. An organelle where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells.
  12. 23. The process of producing an RNA molecule using a DNA template.
  13. 24. The net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.
  14. 27. acid The monomer that forms proteins.
  15. 29. The basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
  16. 30. inhibitor A substance that competes with the substrate for an enzyme's active site.
  17. 32. site The region of an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.
  18. 35. A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function.