Test Study Guide
Across
- 3. oil industry; Andrew Carnegie – steel; J. P. Morgan –finance.
- 5. improved electric railway and telegraph systems.
- 7. production and national markets lowered costs but widened
- 8. brought a surge of new inventions and inventors.
- 11. vented the Kodak camera, making photography simple and affordable.
- 13. developed the air brake for trains and pioneered alternatingcurrent (AC) for electricity.
- 14. invented the telephone (1876).
- 16. laid the transatlantic telegraph cable (1866), linking U.S. and Europecommunication.
- 18. (1890) tried to prevent monopolies.
Down
- 1. developed the assembly line for mass production of automobiles.
- 2. invented the phonograph
- 4. allowed products to be assembled quickly and repaired easily.
- 6. owning all steps of production (e.g., Carnegie Steel).
- 9. improved the light bulb filament, making bulbs last longer.
- 10. combining many companies in the same industry (e.g., Rockefeller’sStandard Oil).
- 12. often eliminated competition.
- 15. invented a lubricating cup for machinery to run smoothly.
- 17. vs. “captains of industry”: debate over their ethics and contributions.