The Biological Theory of Schizophrenia

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Across
  1. 2. Many psychologists believe that there is a ‘?’ basis to schizophrenia.
  2. 4. The pre-frontal cortex, which acts like a control centre for the brain, appears to be ‘?’ in individuals with schizophrenia, which may explain why these individuals often lose control over their psychological functioning, such as planning ahead, being organised and making judgements.
  3. 7. Scans have shown that, in people with schizophrenia, blood flow is ‘?’ in the frontal cortex region of the brain, and that this part of the brain is smaller in volume. Tests have shown that this area is also less frequently activated when certain tasks are carried out.
  4. 8. The ‘?’, which has a role in formation of memories and the emotions that go with them, is smaller in volume in people with schizophrenia, and research shows that, in general, the more severe the disorder is, the more deflated this part if the brain is.
  5. 9. Researchers have argued that, even though the effects may not be seen until many years later, some of this neurological damage in people with schizophrenia may occur before they are born, when their brain is exposed to an ‘?’ in the womb.
  6. 10. Dopamine is linked to behaviours such as movement, perception, attention and ‘?’.
  7. 11. Dopamine affects the way that the brain functions, however there is also evidence that differences in the brain activity of people with and without schizophrenia could also be down to brain ‘?’.
Down
  1. 1. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that passes messages around the brain, and ‘?’ is an example of a neurotransmitter.
  2. 2. The temporal lobes are lower in volume in those suffering from schizophrenia, which is mainly due to a lack of ‘?’ matter in the brain.
  3. 3. In individuals with schizophrenia, messages from dopaminergic neurons (that transmit dopamine) fire too easily and often, which is why their movements may become erratic and why they may experience hallucinations and ‘?’.
  4. 5. Although we all rely on dopamine to send messages through the network of the brain, one idea is that there is too much of it in the ‘?’ of individuals with schizophrenia.
  5. 6. When ‘?’, a person’s brain with schizophrenia will look different to that of a person’s brain without schizophrenia.