The Chemical Level of Organization

Across

6. lipid compound derived from fatty acid chains and important in regulating several body processes
9. ribose-containing nucleotide that helps manifest the genetic code as protein
10. one of the variations of an element in which the number of neutrons differ from each other
11. covalent bond formed by dehydration synthesis between two amino acids
16. atom with an overall positive or negative charge
19. compound consisting of more than two carbohydrate monomers bonded by dehydration synthesis via glycosidic bonds
22. liquid mixture in which particles distributed in the liquid settle out over time
26. amount of energy greater than the energy contained in the reactants, which must be overcome for a reaction to proceed
29. number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
32. substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed in the process
34. heavy subatomic particle having no electrical charge and found in the atom’s nucleus
36. smallest unit of an element that retains the unique properties of that element
39. reactant in an enzymatic reaction
41. building block of proteins; characterized by an amino and carboxyl functional groups and a variable side-chain
42. monomer of carbohydrate; also known as a simple sugar
44. nitrogen-containing base with a single ring structure; cytosine, thiamine, and uracil
45. class of nonpolar organic compounds built from hydrocarbons and distinguished by the fact that they are not soluble in water
47. sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
49. area of space a given distance from an atom’s nucleus in which electrons are grouped
51. a lipid compound in which a phosphate group is combined with a diglyceride
54. chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons, thereby completing their valence shells
57. deoxyribose-containing nucleotide that stores genetic information
61. protein or RNA that catalyzes chemical reactions
62. type of catabolic reaction in which one or more bonds within a larger molecule are broken, resulting in the release of smaller molecules or atoms
63. type of anabolic reaction in which two or more atoms or molecules bond, resulting in the formation of a larger molecule
64. substance that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen
65. form of energy that is absorbed as chemical bonds form, stored as they are maintained, and released as they are broken
66. change in the structure of a molecule through physical or chemical means

Down

1. lipid compound composed of a glycerol molecule bonded with three fatty acid chains
2. addition of one or more phosphate groups to an organic compound
3. unstable, heavy isotope that gives off subatomic particles, or electromagnetic energy, as it decays; also called radioisotopes
4. substance that contains both carbon and hydrogen
5. pair of carbohydrate monomers bonded by dehydration synthesis via a glycosidic bond
7. energy that matter possesses because of its motion
8. heavy subatomic particle having a positive charge and found in the atom’s nucleus
12. dipole-dipole bond in which a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom is weakly attracted to a second electronegative atom
13. substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
14. homogeneous liquid mixture in which a solute is dissolved into molecules within a solvent
15. one or more substances that enter into the reaction
17. solution containing a weak acid or a weak base that opposes wide fluctuations in the pH of body fluids
18. outermost electron shell of an atom
20. compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
21. type of chemical reaction in which bonds are both formed and broken, resulting in the transfer of components
23. two or more atoms covalently bonded together
24. physical substance; that which occupies space and has mass
25. electrical force linking atoms
26. atom with a negative charge
27. nucleotide containing ribose and an adenine base that is essential in energy transfer
28. number of particles within a given space
30. liquid mixture in which the solute particles consist of clumps of molecules large enough to scatter light
31. stored energy matter possesses because of the positioning or structure of its components
33. large molecule formed by covalent bonding
35. covalent bond formed within a polypeptide between sulfide groups of sulfur-containing amino acids, for example, cysteine
37. group of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds that tends to behave as a distinct unit in chemical reactions with other atoms
38. compound that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
40. nitrogen-containing base with a double ring structure; adenine and guanine
43. class of organic compounds that are composed of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds
46. negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution
48. (also, sterol) lipid compound composed of four hydrocarbon rings bonded to a variety of other atoms and molecules
50. substance that cannot be created or broken down by ordinary chemical means
52. class of organic compounds built from sugars, molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1-2-1 ratio
53. subatomic particle having a negative charge and nearly no mass; found orbiting the atom’s nucleus
55. molecule with regions that have opposite charges resulting from uneven numbers of electrons in the nuclei of the atoms participating in the covalent bond
56. atom with a positive charge
58. class of organic compounds composed of one or more phosphate groups, a pentose sugar, and a base
59. attraction between an anion and a cation
60. one or more substances produced by a chemical reaction