The Enlightenment

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Across
  1. 4. Austrian empress who unified her nation after her father's death
  2. 9. Term for a government in which a monarch's power is limited by a Constitution that gives rights to people.
  3. 11. (1533-1603) Queen of England and Ireland between 1558 and 1603. She was an absolute monarch and is considered to be one of the most successful rulers of all time.
  4. 13. acceptance of other groups, such as religious groups
  5. 14. Term for the ruler of Russia (Peter the Great)
  6. 16. A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
  7. 18. The rights of "life, liberty and property" that John Locke argued for.
  8. 21. a person who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler.
  9. 23. Term for an 18th Century monarch who accepted some of the ideas of the enlightenment.
  10. 25. Theory that society gives up certain rights to the government in exchange for protection and other benefits.
  11. 26. Book by Thomas Hobbes about society that argues for a social contract. Take its name from a biblical sea monster.
  12. 27. Term for authority in a state or government and can be held by the people or by a single ruler.
Down
  1. 1. This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia, created a new law code, and greatly expanded Russia
  2. 2. The concept often claimed by absolute monarchs that their power comes from God and there will is God's.
  3. 3. Prussian king of the 18th century; attempted to introduce Enlightenment reforms into Germany; built on military and bureaucratic foundations of his predecessors; introduced freedom of religion; increased state control of economy.
  4. 5. (1527-1598) King of Spain from 1556 to 1598. Absolute monarch who helped lead the Counter Reformation by persecuting Protestants in his holdings. Also sent the Spanish Armada against England.
  5. 6. Massive palace built by King Louis XIV outside of Paris that housed the nobles and showed off his massive power.
  6. 7. a government ruled by a king or queen had absolute power.
  7. 8. A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it
  8. 10. a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.
  9. 12. (1533-1584) earned his nickname for his great acts of cruelty directed toward all those with whom he disagreed, even killing his own son. He became the first ruler to assume the title Czar of all Russia.
  10. 15. (1638-1715) Known as the Sun King, he was an absolute monarch that completely controlled France. One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles.
  11. 17. a movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly
  12. 19. (1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg.
  13. 20. people who share a culture and a territory
  14. 22. A "hands off" or "let do" government economic policy argued for by Adam Smith in Wealth of Nations.
  15. 24. Term for a monarch holding total power (not having to share with a legislature) over a nation.