The Fundamentals Of Chemistry

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Across
  1. 2. broken stone for use in making roads.
  2. 3. a length or portion of time.
  3. 7. metals, any of the set of metallic elements occupying a central block (Groups IVB–VIII, IB, and IIB, or 4–12) in the periodic table, e.g., iron, manganese, chromium, and copper. Chemically they show variable valence and a strong tendency to form coordination compounds, and many of their compounds are colored.
  4. 9. inert gases, noble gas. noun. no·​ble gas ˈnō-bəl- : any of a group of rare gases that include helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and sometimes radon and that exhibit great stability and extremely low reaction rates.
  5. 12. a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.
  6. 14. an element (e.g. arsenic, antimony, or tin) whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and solid nonmetals or semiconductors.
  7. 15. atomic mass unit
  8. 16. an element or substance that is not a metal.
  9. 19. decay, Radioactive decay is the process in which a radioactive atom spontaneously gives off radiation in the form of energy or particles to reach a more stable state. It is important to distinguish between radioactive material and the radiation it gives off.
  10. 22. a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
  11. 24. any of the series of fifteen (15) metallic elements from lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table.
  12. 25. put together or place in a group or groups.
Down
  1. 1. the emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei.
  2. 4. ion, An atomic or molecular system having an excess of negative charge. Negative ions, also called anions, are formed in attachment processes in which an additional electron is captured by an atom, molecule, or cluster. They can also be formed when a molecule or cluster dissociates.
  3. 5. ion, Positive ions are formed by atoms or molecules suffering an inelastic collision with an energetic electron in which an electron is lost from the atom or molecule (electron impact ionization). The degree of ionization of the plasma depends strongly on the electron density and energy distribution in the gas.
  4. 6. denoting lamps and radiant heat sources using a filament surrounded by the vapor of iodine or another halogen.
  5. 8. each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.
  6. 10. cloud, the system of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.
  7. 11. number, the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
  8. 13. any of the series of fifteen metallic elements from actinium (atomic number 89) to lawrencium (atomic number 103) in the periodic table. They are all radioactive, the heavier members being extremely unstable and not of natural occurrence.
  9. 17. metals, alkali metal, any of the six chemical elements that make up Group 1 (Ia) of the periodic table—namely, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). The alkali metals are so called because reaction with water forms alkalies (i.e., strong bases capable of neutralizing acids).
  10. 18. the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
  11. 20. an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
  12. 21. metals, any of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group IA (1) of the periodic table. They are very reactive, electropositive, monovalent metals forming strongly alkaline hydroxides.
  13. 23. a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.