The Gilded Age

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Across
  1. 2. developed a series of more convenient alternatives to developing pictures
  2. 4. monetary system in which the government would give citizens either gold or silver in exchange for paper currency or checks
  3. 8. painted urban life and working people with gritty realism and no frills
  4. 10. the growth of cities
  5. 12. Republican president elected in 1876 who reformed and fought against patronage
  6. 15. attempted to form the American Railway Union
  7. 16. first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard who strongly disagreed with Booker T. Washington
  8. 17. perfected the incandescent light bulb
  9. 18. backing dollars solely with gold
  10. 22. focused on collective bargaining, or negotiation between representatives of labor and management, to reach written agreements on wages, hours, and working conditions
  11. 23. -the illegal use of political influence for personal gain
  12. 24. led the Cigar Makers' International Union to join with other craft unions in 1886
  13. 25. African American female educator and editor of local Memphis paper
  14. 29. system that brought packages directly to every home
  15. 30. Normal and Industrial Institute-aimed to equip African Americans with teaching diplomas and useful skills in agricultural, domestic, or mechanical work
  16. 31. inventors of the first airplane
  17. 33. started the organization known as the Grange
  18. 37. insisted that blacks should seek a liberal arts education so that the African-American community would have well-educated leaders
  19. 39. designed to assimilate people of wide-ranging cultures into the dominant culture
  20. 41. Democratic Party candidate in the 1896 presidential election
  21. 47. 1905, group of radical unionists and socialists in Chicago also known as the Wobblies
  22. 49. successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania
  23. 50. philosophy that grew out of Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution to explain the evolution of human society
  24. 53. prominent African American educator who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society
  25. 56. preached salvation through service to the poor
  26. 58. act that banned entry to all Chinese people except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials
  27. 60. laws passed to separate white and black people in public and private facilities
  28. 63. community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to people in the area
  29. 64. system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a debt to the employer
  30. 65. architect who designed the ten-story Wainwright Building in St. Louis
  31. 66. Republican Party candidate in the 1896 presidential election
  32. 67. independent presidential candidate/Ohio congressman (1881)
  33. 68. inventor of the telephone
  34. 69. one of the first industrial moguls to make his own fortune and was a model for the American success story
  35. 70. overt-favoritism towards native-born Americans
  36. 71. Supreme Court ruled that the separation of races in public accommodations was legal. "separate but equal"
Down
  1. 1. an organization for farmers whose original purpose was to provide a social outlet and an educational forum for isolated farm families.
  2. 2. built a factory for manufacturing sleepers an dother railroad cars on the Illinois prairie
  3. 3. the movement of the people
  4. 5. case where the Supreme Court upheld the Granger laws, and states won the right to regulate the railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers in 1877
  5. 6. organizations and groups that included sympathizers of farmers
  6. 7. one of the most influential members of the settlement house movement
  7. 9. organized group that controlled the activities of a political party in a city
  8. 11. head of Tammany Hall's powerful Democratic political machine in 1868
  9. 13. companies producing similar products merge
  10. 14. an annual tax that had to be paid before qualifying to vote
  11. 16. filled the New York Morning Journal with exaggerated tales of personal scandals, cruelty, hypnotism, etc
  12. 19. established the Standard Oil Company
  13. 20. systems designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes
  14. 21. a mixture of people of different cultures and races who blended together by abandoning their native languages and customs
  15. 26. spearheaded the movement for planned urban parks
  16. 27. 1883, authorized a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to federal jobs through a merit system based on candidates' performance on an examination
  17. 28. 1907-1908, Japan's government agreed to limit emigration of unskilled workers to the United States in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order.
  18. 32. used to reinstate white voters who may have failed the literacy test or could not pay the poll tax
  19. 34. laws passed to separate white and black people in public and private facilities. Named after a popular old minstrel song.
  20. 35. golden spike marked the spanning of the nation on May 10, 1869 with this
  21. 36. the giving of government jobs to people who had helped a candidate get elected
  22. 38. former Indiana senator who was the grandson of President William Henry Harrison
  23. 40. established the right of the federal government to supervise railroad activities and established a five-member Interstate Commerce Commission in 1887
  24. 42. made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between states or with other countries
  25. 43. Republican nominated vice-president then president after Garfield was shot (1881-1885)
  26. 44. a scheme that stockholders in the Union Pacific Railroad formed in 1864
  27. 45. immigrant who published a paper that emphasized "sin, sex, and sensation"
  28. 46. process in which Carnegie bought out his suppliers in order to control the raw materials and transportation systems
  29. 48. Democratic president in 1884 that tried to lower tariff rates but was refused by congress
  30. 51. novelist and humorist whose birth name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens
  31. 52. invented the typewriter in 1867
  32. 54. designed the Flatiron Building in 1902
  33. 55. one of the most prominent organizers in the women's labor movement. Organized for the United Mine Workers of America.
  34. 57. immigration station in New York Harbor
  35. 59. between 1910 and 1940, about 50,000 Chinese immigrants entered the United States through here
  36. 61. a process to make steel developed independently by Henry Bessemer and William Kelly around 1850
  37. 62. multifamily urban dwellings