The Integumentary System
Across
- 6. keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis
- 8. type of skin cancer that originates from the stratum spinosum of the epidermis
- 9. cell that produces keratin and is the most predominant type of cell found in the epidermis
- 11. cancer that originates from basal cells in the epidermis of the skin
- 12. mark formed on the skin due to a sudden growth spurt and expansion of the dermis beyond its elastic limits
- 18. in hair, the innermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix
- 19. skin condition due to an allergic reaction, which resembles a rash
- 20. fibers made of the protein elastin that increase the elasticity of the dermis
- 21. thickened area of skin that arises due to constant abrasion
- 24. nail fold that meets the proximal end of the nail body, also called the cuticle
- 26. compound that aids absorption of calcium and phosphates in the intestine to improve bone health
- 28. layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum basale, characterized by the presence of desmosomes
- 33. type of structural protein that gives skin, hair, and nails its hard, water-resistant properties
- 34. structure at the base of the hair root that surrounds the dermal papilla
- 36. intercellular vesicle that transfers melanin from melanocytes into keratinocytes of the epidermis
- 37. oily substance that is composed of a mixture of lipids that lubricates the skin and hair
- 41. collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that is different from normal skin
- 42. structure that forms an impermeable junction between cells
- 44. in hair, the second or middle layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb
- 45. (plural = dermal papillae) extension of the papillary layer of the dermis that increases surface contact between the epidermis and dermis
- 48. burn that penetrates and destroys the full thickness of the skin (epidermis and dermis)
- 49. type of callus that is named for its shape and the elliptical motion of the abrasive force
- 50. genetic disorder that affects the skin, in which there is no melanin production
- 51. part of hair that is below the epidermis anchored to the follicle
- 52. outermost tissue layer of the skin
- 54. type of scar that has layers raised above the skin surface
- 55. part of the nail that is lodged deep in the epidermis from which the nail grows
- 56. skin and its accessory structures
- 58. layer of the epidermis between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum, found only in thick skin covering the palms, soles of the feet, and digits
- 59. superficial burn that injures only the epidermis
- 60. mass of connective tissue, blood capillaries, and nerve endings at the base of the hair follicle
- 62. pigment that determines the color of hair and skin
- 63. transitional phase marking the end of the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle
- 67. granulated protein found in the stratum granulosum
- 68. burn in which full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone is damaged
- 69. layer of epidermis upon which the nail body forms
- 70. cell found in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin
- 71. thickened layer of stratum corneum that lies below the free edge of the nail
- 72. the basement membrane that is found between the epithelium of the external root sheath and the connective tissue sheath
Down
- 1. fold of epithelium that extends over the nail bed, also called the eponychium
- 2. superficial layer of the dermis, made of loose, areolar connective tissue
- 3. layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum spinosum
- 4. deepest layer of the epidermis, made of epidermal stem cells
- 5. sore on the skin that develops when regions of the body start necrotizing due to constant pressure and lack of blood supply; also called decubitus ulcers
- 7. in hair, the outermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb
- 10. disease in children caused by vitamin D deficiency, which leads to the weakening of bones
- 12. type of oil gland found in the dermis all over the body and helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair by secreting sebum
- 13. deeper layer of the dermis; it has a reticulated appearance due to the presence of abundant collagen and elastin fibers
- 14. fold of epithelium at that extend over the sides of the nail body, holding it in place
- 15. (also, tactile corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to light touch
- 16. partial-thickness burn that injures the epidermis and a portion of the dermis
- 17. layer of basal cells from which a strand of hair grows
- 18. receptor cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis that responds to the sense of touch
- 20. type of sweat gland that is common throughout the skin surface; it produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation
- 22. layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis, composed mainly of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures
- 23. skin condition in which melanocytes in certain areas lose the ability to produce melanin, possibly due an autoimmune reaction that leads to loss of color in patches
- 25. innermost layer of keratinocytes in the hair follicle that surround the hair root up to the hair shaft
- 27. (also, lamellated corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to vibration
- 29. resting phase of the hair growth cycle initiated with catagen and terminated by the beginning of a new anagen phase of hair growth
- 30. type of skin cancer that originates from the melanocytes of the skin
- 31. main keratinous plate that forms the nail
- 32. cavity or sac from which hair originates
- 35. spread of cancer cells from a source to other parts of the body
- 37. most superficial layer of the epidermis
- 38. sweat gland
- 39. outer layer of the hair follicle that is an extension of the epidermis, which encloses the hair root
- 40. connective tissue connecting the integument to the underlying bone and muscle
- 43. smooth muscle that is activated in response to external stimuli that pull on hair follicles and make the hair “stand up”
- 46. type of sweat gland that is associated with hair follicles in the armpits and genital regions
- 47. active phase of the hair growth cycle
- 53. part of hair that is above the epidermis but is not anchored to the follicle
- 57. specialized dendritic cell found in the stratum spinosum that functions as a macrophage
- 61. skin condition due to infected sebaceous glands
- 64. clear protein-bound lipid found in the stratum lucidum that is derived from keratohyalin and helps to prevent water loss
- 65. basal part of the nail body that consists of a crescent-shaped layer of thick epithelium
- 66. type of stem cell found in the stratum basale and in the hair matrix that continually undergoes cell division, producing the keratinocytes of the epidermis