The Lymphatic and Immune System

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Across
  1. 4. includes antimicrobial proteins stimulated during the first several days of an infection
  2. 7. molecule recognized by the receptors of B and T lymphocytes
  3. 8. two-chain receptor by which lymphocytes recognize antigen
  4. 11. cell damage caused by the binding of antibody and the activation of complement, usually against red blood cells
  5. 13. enzymatic cascade of constitutive blood proteins that have antipathogen effects, including the direct killing of bacteria
  6. 15. T cells that secrete cytokines to enhance other immune responses, involved in activation of both B and T cell lymphocytes
  7. 17. lipid-rich lymph inside the lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine
  8. 18. antipathogen defenses deriving from a barrier that physically prevents pathogens from entering the body to establish an infection
  9. 20. cells that secrete cytokines that induce B cells to differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells
  10. 23. (type IV) T cell-mediated immune response against pathogens infiltrating interstitial tissues, causing cellular infiltrate
  11. 26. cells that secrete cytokines that enhance the activity of macrophages and other cells
  12. 28. binding of processed antigen to the protein-binding cleft of a major histocompatibility complex molecule
  13. 31. antigen-specific protein secreted by plasma cells; immunoglobulin
  14. 32. early induced proteins made in virally infected cells that cause nearby cells to make antiviral proteins
  15. 33. lymphoid nodules associated with the nasopharynx
  16. 34. larger protein chain of an antibody
  17. 38. stimulating growth of lymphocytes that have specific receptors
  18. 39. class of antibody whose only known function is as a receptor on naive B cells; important in B cell activation
  19. 43. inflammation occurring for long periods of time
  20. 47. process during T cell differentiation where most T cells that recognize antigens from one’s own body are destroyed
  21. 48. group of lymphocytes sharing the same antigen receptor
  22. 49. large duct that drains lymph from the lower limbs, left thorax, left upper limb, and the left side of the head
  23. 50. soluble, short-range, cell-to-cell communication molecule
  24. 51. antibody that binds to mast cells and causes antigen-specific degranulation during an allergic response
  25. 52. study of the connections between the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems of the connections between the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems
  26. 56. secondary lymphoid organ that filters pathogens from the blood (white pulp) and removes degenerating or damaged blood cells (red pulp)
  27. 57. lymphocyte that acts by secreting molecules that regulate the immune system or by causing the destruction of foreign cells, viruses, and cancer cells
  28. 60. inflammation occurring for a limited time period; rapidly developing
  29. 62. fluid contained within the lymphatic system
  30. 64. cell found in the skin and the lining of body cells that contains cytoplasmic granules with vasoactive mediators such as histamine
  31. 66. process whereby B cells that react to soluble antigens in bone marrow are made nonfunctional
  32. 68. typing of MHC molecules between a recipient and donor for use in a potential transplantation procedure
  33. 69. removal of self-reactive B cells by inducing apoptosis
  34. 70. vasoactive mediator in granules of mast cells and is the primary cause of allergies and anaphylactic shock
  35. 72. internalization and digestion of antigen in an antigen-presenting cell
  36. 73. T lymphocytes with the ability to induce apoptosis in target cells
  37. 74. site where lymphocytes mature and proliferate; red bone marrow and thymus gland
  38. 75. enhancement of phagocytosis by the binding of antibody or antimicrobial protein
  39. 76. protein antibody; occurs as one of five main classes
  40. 77. immune cells with a direct, adverse effect on a pathogen
Down
  1. 1. white blood cells characterized by a large nucleus and small rim of cytoplasm
  2. 2. precursor to macrophages and dendritic cells seen in the blood
  3. 3. basic innate immune response characterized by heat, redness, pain, and swelling
  4. 5. immunity developed from an individual’s own immune system
  5. 6. immediate response mediated by mast cell degranulation caused by the crosslinking of the antigen-specific IgE molecules on the mast cell surface
  6. 9. mature B or T cell that has not yet encountered antigen for the first time
  7. 10. B cell tolerance induced in immature B cells of the bone marrow
  8. 12. large lymphatics that collect lymph from smaller lymphatic vessels and empties into the blood via lymphatic ducts
  9. 14. inactivation of a virus by the binding of specific antibody
  10. 16. lead out of a lymph node
  11. 19. first exposure to an antigen
  12. 21. ability of B cells to change the class of antibody they produce without altering the specificity for antigen
  13. 22. phagocytic white blood cell recruited from the bloodstream to the site of infection via the bloodstream
  14. 24. lead into a lymph node
  15. 25. rapid but relatively nonspecific immune response
  16. 27. unencapsulated patches of lymphoid tissue found throughout the body
  17. 29. series of barriers, cells, and soluble mediators that combine to response to infections of the body with pathogenic organisms
  18. 30. tissue found inside bones; the site of all blood cell differentiation and maturation of B lymphocytes
  19. 35. molecule expressed on cytotoxic T cells and NK cells that binds to the fas molecule on a target cell and induces it do undergo apoptosis
  20. 36. differentiated B cell that is actively secreting antibody
  21. 37. immature T cell found in the thymus
  22. 40. long-lived immune cell reserved for future exposure to a pathogen
  23. 41. lymphocytes that act by differentiating into an antibody-secreting plasma cell
  24. 42. ameboid phagocyte found in several tissues throughout the body
  25. 44. multiple MHC genes and their proteins found in body cells
  26. 45. immune response observed upon re-exposure to a pathogen, which is stronger and faster than a primary response
  27. 46. apoptosis-inducing substance contained in granules of NK cells and cytotoxic T cells
  28. 53. selection against thymocytes in the thymus that react with self-antigen
  29. 54. bag-like vessel that forms the beginning of the thoracic duct
  30. 55. found on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells, it binds to CD4 molecules on T cells
  31. 58. movement of material from the outside to the inside of the cells via vesicles made from invaginations of the plasma membrane
  32. 59. primary lymphoid organ; where T lymphocytes proliferate and mature
  33. 61. antibody whose monomer is a surface receptor of naive B cells; the pentamer is the first antibody made blood plasma during primary responses
  34. 63. found on most cells of the body, it binds to the CD8 molecule on T cells
  35. 65. in an antibody molecule, the site where the two termini of the heavy chains come together; many cells have receptors for this portion of the antibody, adding functionality to these molecules
  36. 67. main blood antibody of late primary and early secondary responses; passed from carrier to unborn child via placenta
  37. 71. antibody whose dimer is secreted by exocrine glands, is especially effective against digestive and respiratory pathogens, and can pass immunity to an infant through breastfeeding