The pathways and muscles of Airflow

123456789101112131415161718192021
Across
  1. 2. external intercostal muscles are innervated by these nerves
  2. 3. This common pathway allows both air and food to pass
  3. 6. this removes air from the lungs
  4. 9. each half of the diaphragm is innervated by this nerve
  5. 10. the pressure of the lungs is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere in this state
  6. 11. the smallest airways for the respiratory tract with a diameter of 1mm or less
  7. 13. muscle that relaxes during respiration
  8. 16. when respiration becomes more vigorous these muscles of respiration become active.
  9. 17. large muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
  10. 18. muscle fibers that run down and backward between the ribs
  11. 21. this breathing causes contractions of the diaphragm to push the abdominal contents downwards
Down
  1. 1. At rest, inspired air first flows in through here
  2. 4. muscle fibers that run downward and forward between the ribs
  3. 5. includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx
  4. 7. is also called the windpipe
  5. 8. causes the muscle to flatten, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity, lowering the pressure within it allowing the lungs to fill with air.
  6. 12. If food accidentally enters here it will initiate the coughing reflex
  7. 14. includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
  8. 15. in order for this to occur the pressure of air in the lungs has to be decreased below atmospheric pressure
  9. 19. the muscles of the respiratory system contract and relax to alter the volume of this
  10. 20. causes the muscle to become dome-shaped, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and raises the pressure within the cavity