The Reformation

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Across
  1. 1. The ______ triggered wars, persecutions and the so-called Counter-Reformation
  2. 4. ________, both in Spain and in Rome, were reorganized to fight the threat of Protestant heresy
  3. 7. After Henry’s death, England tilted toward _____-_____ Protestantism
  4. 10. The ________ ________ was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval
  5. 12. it’s ending allowed for the __________ of Catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany
  6. 13. After Henry’s death, England tilted toward Calvinist-infused Protestantism during Edward VI’s six-year reign and then endured ___ years of reactionary Catholicism
  7. 14. In England, the Reformation began with Henry VIII’s quest for a ____ heir
  8. 15. By the Reformation’s end, ___________ had become the state religion throughout much of Germany, Scandinavia and the Baltics
  9. 17. Luther translated the Bible into ______ and continued his output of vernacular pamphlets
  10. 18. the catholic church was ____ to respond
  11. 19. But the Reformation’s positive repercussions can be seen in the intellectual and cultural ______ it inspired on all sides of the schism
Down
  1. 2. The key ideas of the Reformation—a call to ____ the church and a belief that the Bible should be the sole source of spiritual authority—were not themselves novel
  2. 3. The Catholic Church of the _______-_________ era grew more spiritual, more literate and more educated
  3. 5. Along with the religious consequences of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation came deep and lasting ______ changes
  4. 6. _____ and the other reformers became the first to skillfully use the power of the printing press to give their ideas a wide audience.
  5. 8. In 1559 Elizabeth I took the throne and, during her 44-year reign, cast the Church of England as a “_______” between Calvinism and Catholicism
  6. 9. The protestment reformation was setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the _______ era.
  7. 11. In northern and central _____, reformers challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice
  8. 16. They ____ for a religious and political redistribution of power into the hands of Bible- and pamphlet-reading pastors and princes.
  9. 18. The _____ Reformation began in 1519