The Reformation

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Across
  1. 2. German Reformer who criticized problems in the church, especially the sale of indulgences. Pushed for the Bible in vernacular.
  2. 5. Treaty acknowledging the division of Christianity. Lutheranism was given equal standing with Catholicism; German rulers chose religion.
  3. 7. Under Suleiman the Magnificent they overran Hungary and moved into Austria where they were eventually driven back (Vienna 1529)
  4. 11. Reformer from Switzerland who removed color, music, relics, and images from the church. Died in battle.
  5. 12. Catholic daughter of Henry VIII. Infamous monarch who practiced hard-line policy toward protestants. "Queen of Scots" "Bloody"
  6. 14. Arguments that forced Luther to deny the authority of the pope and councils.
  7. 18. (4 words) A series of wars between Catholicism and the Huguenots. The turning point in these was the War of the 3 Henrys.
  8. 19. Luther’s condemnation of the problems in the church, namely the sale of indulgences.
  9. 21. Gave French Protestants the right to worship in selected areas and allowed them some fortified towns.
  10. 23. Holy Roman Emperor who fought bitterly against the Turks. Participated in the Hapsburg-Valois Wars.
  11. 24. Wrote Handbook of the Christian Knight, popularized the reform program of Christian humanism.
  12. 25. Radical Protestant group, attractive to peasants and workers. Heavily persecuted; believed in adult baptism and voluntary church membership.
Down
  1. 1. (Name before becoming king) Defeated the other two of similar name to rule the southern French kingdom. Converted from Catholicism to Calvinism and back several times.
  2. 3. Wars fought over disputed territory between France and the Holy Roman Empire. Prevented the Holy Roman Emperor from dealing with the Lutheran problem.
  3. 4. Separated England from Catholic Church. Founded and headed the Church of England. Famous for having multiple wives, and beheading two of them.
  4. 6. Work describing an ideal society where cooperation replaced competition.
  5. 8. Protestant daughter of Henry VIII. Ruled 1558-1603, one of the longest by any English monarch. Ruled during the defeat of the Spanish Armada.
  6. 9. Work by Erasmus criticizing corrupt practices of church, immorality in clergy, and problems in society.
  7. 10. Last great king of Spain. Militant Catholic; "Champion of Catholicism across Europe." Sent Spanish Armada to England.
  8. 13. (4 words) Violence erupting in 1566 as a result of Philip II's attempt to crush Calvinism. Led to a tighter grip on this state.
  9. 15. Religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola which stressed adherence to papal authority and spread Catholicism worldwide.
  10. 16. The failed invasion meant England would remain a protestant state and was a psychological and fiscal blow to the attackers.
  11. 17. French Organizer of the Protestant Reformation, emphasized predestination.
  12. 20. Proponent for the sale of indulgences. “As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs.”
  13. 22. Wrote Utopia, describing his concerns regarding the society of his day. Beheaded by Henry VIII for his loyalty to Catholicism.