The Rise of Europe
Across
- 2. establishing one of many Germanic Kingdoms. Conquered the former Roman province of Gaul, which later became the kingdom of France converted to Christianity and allied pope
- 6. wandering poet or singer of Medieval Europe
- 7. sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
- 11. salaried worker employed by a guild master
- 12. spent 46 years fighting Muslims in Spain, Saxons in the north, Avars & Slavs in the east,& Lombards in Italy
- 18. money or wealth used to invest in business or enterprise
- 19. first of friars was founded by him; wealthy Italian. Devoted himself to preaching the Gospel & taught his own example of good works
- 20. young person learning a trade by a guild master
- 21. having to do with worldly, rather than religious, matters; nonreligious
- 24. rallied Frankish warriors and because of this at the battle of Tours christian warriors triumphed
- 25. germanic tribe that conquered present day France & neighboring lands in the 400's
- 26. body of laws of a church
- 28. excommunication of an entire region, town, or kingdom
Down
- 1. code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages
- 3. exclusion from the Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for refusing to obey church law
- 4. battle in 732 in which the Christian Franks led by Charles Martel defeated Muslim armies & stopped the Muslim advance into Europe
- 5. exchange of pledges between lords & vassals
- 8. peasant bound to the lord's lands
- 9. rules drawn up by Benedict, a monk, regulating monastic life
- 10. loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service & other support to a greater lord
- 13. lord who was granted land in exchange for service & loyalty to a greater lord
- 14. written doc that set out rights & privileges of a town
- 15. association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to uphold standerds of their trade & to protect their economic interests
- 16. lords estate, which included one or more villages & the surrounding lands
- 17. claim of medieval popes that they had authority over all secular rulers
- 22. monk who traveled from place to place preaching to the poor
- 23. someone who would pay rent to a lord to farm part of the lord's land
- 27. estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service & loyalty