The Rise of Western Europe

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Across
  1. 1. Regions that share a government and are independent of other states
  2. 4. Biggest religion in Europe during the Middle Ages that had near absolute power over the people
  3. 9. Census book for tax collection created by William the Conqueror
  4. 10. Invaders of Europe that came from Scandinavia
  5. 13. Building style used on many large churches in Europe during the Middle Ages
  6. 15. King of France who attempted to claim absolute power and raised taxes on the clergy
  7. 19. England's legislative body
  8. 20. These are the most sacred rites of the Catholic Church
  9. 23. These were areas of land or estates given to lesser lords
  10. 24. These were the peasants who were bound to the land they served for life
  11. 26. Group of men sworn to speak the truth collected to hear a trial
  12. 30. The King of the Franks and first ruler to conquer Gaul
  13. 32. Religion that was persecuted throughout Europe but found much success in Spain under Muslim rule
  14. 33. Power given to popes that gave them power over all men and women on Earth and had to answer to no one
  15. 34. Extreme pride in your nation where you believe everything is perfect and nothing has gone wrong
  16. 36. Boys began training at age 7 to become these mounted warriors
  17. 38. These are the three vows of poverty, obedience, and purity that all monks and nuns must abide by
  18. 41. The removal and refusal by the Catholic Church of a large area of land and/or kingdom's ability to receive the sacrament
  19. 44. Series of 'Holy Wars'
  20. 48. Invaders of Europe that settled in modern-day Hungary
  21. 50. Split in the Catholic Church
  22. 51. The primary lord that vassals must pledge their loyalty to first and foremost
  23. 52. Ruler of the Franks that defeated invading Muslims at the Battle of Tours
  24. 55. The removal and refusal by the Catholic Church of a single persons ability to receive the sacraments
  25. 57. Pope of the Catholic Church who was one of the first popes to claim ultimate authority above all men and excommunicated many kings of Europe
  26. 58. City that three out of the four crusades was focused on
  27. 59. Campaigns by the Church and old Spanish monarchy to reclaim Spain from Muslims
Down
  1. 2. Periods of temporary peace mandated by the Church/Pope during times of war
  2. 3. Peasant girl who led the French army to multiple victories before being burned at the stake
  3. 5. Era in Europe from 1000-1300 AD in which the power of monarchs grew immensely
  4. 6. Major disease during the Middle Ages that was spread by rats and killed nearly 1/3 of Europe's population
  5. 7. Meeting called by Pope Urban II asking kings and knights to fight for the Holy Lands
  6. 8. Officials within the Catholic Church
  7. 11. System based on custom and court rulings that applied to all of England
  8. 12. Legal principle that mandated that a person cannot be held in prison without being charged with a crime
  9. 14. France's legislative body
  10. 16. Appointment of bishops by anyone who is not a member of the clergy and the Church
  11. 17. Large churches that were managed by bishops in each diocese
  12. 18. First dynasty in France that began when Hugh Capet was elected to the French throne in 987 AD
  13. 21. Capital of the Byzantine Empire and the focus of the Fourth Crusade
  14. 22. Ruler of the Franks who became the Holy Roman Emperor and united much of Western Europe for nearly 46 years
  15. 25. King of England who won the throne at the Battle of Hastings and expanded absolute power in the country
  16. 27. Spanish Church court following the reclaiming of the nation that tried people for heresy
  17. 28. Area in the Middle East that is in modern-day Israel and Jerusalem
  18. 29. Religion in the Middle East, Northern Africa, and Spain throughout the Middle Ages
  19. 31. These were lesser lords who were given lands from their superiors
  20. 35. Empire in west central Europe that was located in what is present-day Germany
  21. 37. A knights code of conduct that applied to nobles and not the commoners
  22. 39. War between England and France for control of the French throne
  23. 40. Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire who was focused on conquering the areas of Northern Italy
  24. 42. Within the Catholic Church women could take on this role/job since they could not become priests
  25. 43. Mainly farmers, this Germanic tribe conquered what would become France
  26. 45. These large manors developed when lords began to fortify their homes from attack
  27. 46. Loose organized system of rule in which powerful lords divided their landholdings amongst lesser lords
  28. 47. Treaty between the Church and the Holy Roman Empire settling the issue of appointing bishops
  29. 49. Muslim group that was the power in Spain for nearly 700 years
  30. 53. Legal document/charter that was one of the first limitations on the power of a monarch where the king was forced to sign it
  31. 54. The official law and teachings of the Catholic Church
  32. 55. Rapid outbreak of a disease
  33. 56. Blending/assimilation of Greco-Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions that created this era also known as the Middle Ages