The Spanish Review Crossword

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Across
  1. 5. The Queen of Castile who co-ruled with her husband to centralize Spanish power.
  2. 8. The sea that allowed Spain to trade easily with Italy and access goods from the Far East
  3. 9. The name of the specific 1492 decree that forced the expulsion of Jews from Spain.
  4. 11. A major center of learning in Muslim Spain known for its beautiful mosque and libraries.
  5. 12. According to the Spanish saying, this element "controls everything."
  6. 14. Religious officials sent to the New World to convert Indigenous peoples to Catholicism.
  7. 15. The ocean that motivated the Spanish to explore what lay beyond the western horizon
  8. 16. The name of Muslim-controlled Spain before the completion of the Reconquista.
  9. 17. The title given to Ferdinand and Isabella by the Pope reflected their devotion to this specific faith.
  10. 19. A state-run system of courts where Church officials put non-Catholics on trial.
  11. 22. Along with gold, one of the two primary materials the Spanish sought to conquer new lands.
  12. 23. The centuries-long effort by Christian kingdoms to take back the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule.
Down
  1. 1. The Spanish intended to use the gold and silver from the Americas to create this for their economy.
  2. 2. The strait located between the Iberian Peninsula and Northern Africa
  3. 3. The precious metal Columbus falsely claimed was abundant to secure funding for a second voyage.
  4. 4. Lower-class nobles who believed manual labor was demeaning and sought fortune in the Americas.
  5. 6. The King of Aragon whose marriage helped unify the two largest kingdoms in Spain.
  6. 7. Christopher Columbus sailed the Ocean ________ in 1492.
  7. 10. A characteristic of Muslim Spain where Jews and Christians were relatively protected, unlike in the later Inquisition.
  8. 12. The last Muslim stronghold in Spain, which fell to Christian forces in 1492.
  9. 13. The belief in only one God, shared by Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
  10. 18. The code of behavior for Christian soldiers that emphasized military success, loyalty, and fairness.
  11. 20. The peninsula consisting of present-day Spain and Portugal.
  12. 21. The ancient books and essays translated by scholars in Muslim Spain to preserve classical reasoning skills.