Theory (Chapter 4)

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Across
  1. 2. A procedure, such as reward or punishment, that changes a response to a stimulus; the act of encouraging a behavior to increase in frequency.
  2. 4. A group of general principles, ideas, or proposed explanations for explaining some kind of phenomenon; here, child development!
  3. 7. The theory describing conditions for health and well-being as a pyramid/hierarchy of human needs. (Maslow)
  4. 8. The part of behaviorist theory that describes learning through observing and imitating an example. The model observed can be real, filmed, or animated; and the child mimics in order to acquire the behavior. (Bandura)
  5. 11. Theory referring to the social and cultural influences influences on child development, explaining how those are inseparable from inborn influences on development. (Vygotsky)
  6. 13. The sense of self that develops and grows more complex over a lifetime.
  7. 14. Incorporating new information by putting it together with what is already known; Children usually first try to put new experiences in the categories they already know. (Piaget)
  8. 16. Incorporating new information by adjusting the categories, or schema, of what is already known to allow the new information to fit. (Piaget)
Down
  1. 1. The brain's response to a perceived threat; when a person senses a threat or danger, the brain will become less flexible and revert to primitive attitudes and procedures.
  2. 3. A plan or framework that makes an organizational pattern from which to operate; the building blocks of knowledge used for thinking. (Piaget)
  3. 5. The thinking process by which a person "makes sense" and puts into balance new information with what is already known. (Piaget)
  4. 6. The process of growth whereby a body matures regardless of and relative independent of specific interventions like exercise, experience, or environment
  5. 9. Self-centered; regarding the self as the center of all things; the inability to take someone else's intellectual or physical point-of-view. (Piaget)
  6. 10. The process of learning the rules and behaviors expected when in situations with others.
  7. 12. The relational bond that connects a child to another important person; feelings and behaviors of devotion or positive connection. (Bowlby, Ainsworth)
  8. 15. Human activity or behavior that is relatively free of rules except for those imposed by the participants themselves, focuses on the doing rather than the end result or product, is controlled by the participants, and that requires interaction and involvement.