Thermal Energy Review

7. a device that converts some thermal energy into mechanical energy
9. the study of the relationships among thermal energy, heat, and work
10. a device that transforms radiant energy from the Sun into thermal energy
11. the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movements of warmer and cooler fluid
14. the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of all of the particles that make up that object

1. the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of that material by 1°C. Scientists measure specific heat in joules per kilogram degree Celsius [J/(kg · °C)]
2. the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between the particles that make up matter
3. _____ law of thermodynamics states that if the mechanical energy of a system is constant, the increase in thermal energy of that system equals the sum of the thermal energy transfers into that system and the work done on that system
4. is a material through which thermal energy moves slowly
5. _____ law of thermodynamics states that energy spontaneously spreads from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration
6. the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves, such as light and microwaves
8. energy that is transferred between objects due to a temperature difference between those objects
12. ____ combustion engine is a heat engine that burns fuel inside a set of cylinders
13. the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up that object